从认知角度探究英汉爱情隐喻异同

发布时间：2018-07-04 15:30

本文选题：概念隐喻 + 爱情隐喻　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：传统的隐喻观认为隐喻是一种修辞方式，其在本质上只是一种装饰性的语言现象，隐喻研究也只局限于文学和修辞方面。二十世纪八十年代，随着认知语言学的兴起，人们对隐喻的重要作用有了全新的认识，隐喻也成为众多学科关注的热门话题。认知语言学认为隐喻不仅是一种语言现象，更重要的是一种认知现象。隐喻不仅广泛存在于语言中，也存在于思维和行为中，是人类思维的重要手段和认知工具，我们每时每刻的思维与活动都与隐喻密切相关。隐喻的本质就是通过一种事物来理解另一种事物，使我们认识世界的一种有效途径。隐喻变得如此重要以至于作为认知语言学奠基人之一的Lakoff称之为“我们赖以生存的隐喻”。认知语言学中所说的隐喻指的是人的思维之中的概念隐喻，并非只是语言中的隐喻性表达。概念隐喻借助于那些具体的人们所熟知的概念来帮助我们理解新的抽象的概念；而语言中的隐喻性表达只是实现这一过程的表现形式，它们来源于潜在的概念隐喻。隐喻被视为是从结构相对清晰、具体的始源域到结构相对模糊、抽象的源域的映射。但是隐喻的映射并不是随意的，它植根于人类的身体经验，包括人类自身的身体感觉器官、智力感情以及具体的社会自然环境等因素。情感是人类最重要的人生体验，最能体现隐喻植根于人类的身体经验。因为情感太过抽象模糊，大部分的情感都要通过隐喻表达出来。所以，，对情感隐喻进行研究具有典型性。爱情是人类的所有情感中最基本、最普遍、最神秘、最复杂的情感，蕴含着非常丰富的概念内容。爱情的表达方式也是多种多样的，英汉两种语言中都有大量的爱情隐喻。因此，本文选择爱情概念隐喻作为研究课题，从认知语言学的角度对英汉爱情歌曲中的爱情概念隐喻进行跨文化对比研究，旨在找出两种语言中爱情概念系统的异同并探究其根源。研究发现，英汉两种语言都偏向于通过一些具体的概念来获得对爱情这一抽象复杂的概念的理解；且对于这一相同概念的认知，两种语言中既有很多相同的隐喻，也有一些不同的隐喻。比如，英汉两种语言中都有“爱是旅程”、“爱是植物”、“爱情是火”、“爱是容器”、“爱是战争”和“爱是商品”等爱情隐喻；但是英语中的“爱是营养”和汉语中的“爱是姻缘”是两种语言各自特有的爱情隐喻。相同点是由于英汉爱情隐喻源于相似的身体经验，如共同的生理、心理基础；而不同点则是由于英汉文化的差异，如生活环境、宗教信仰等。本文的研究证实了现代隐喻的基本观点：隐喻是无处不在的，它对人类理解抽象事物和客观世界都发挥着重要的作用；概念隐喻受制于人类的身体经验，既有认知一致性，也有文化相对性。本文中大量的英汉语料对比分析，为现代隐喻理论提供了有力的证据，希望本文对于人们理解语言、文化与思维认知之间的关系以及跨文化交流也能有所帮助。
[Abstract]:The traditional metaphorical view holds that metaphor is a rhetorical form, which is essentially a decorative language phenomenon, and the study of metaphor is limited to literary and rhetorical aspects. In 1980s, with the rise of cognitive linguistics, people have a new understanding of the important role of metaphor, and metaphor has also become a concern in many disciplines. It is a hot topic. Cognitive linguistics holds that metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a cognitive phenomenon. Metaphor not only exists in language, but also exists in thinking and behavior. It is an important means and a cognitive tool for human thinking. Our thinking and activities are closely related to metaphor. The essence of metaphor is that metaphor is closely related to metaphor. Understanding another thing through one thing makes us know an effective way of knowing the world. Metaphor becomes so important that Lakoff, one of the founders of cognitive linguistics, is called "the metaphor we depend on for survival".
Metaphorical metaphors in cognitive linguistics refer to conceptual metaphors in human thinking, not only metaphorical expressions in language. Conceptual metaphors help us understand new abstract concepts with the help of specific concepts known to people, while metaphorical expressions in language are only forms of representation of this process. It comes from the potential conceptual metaphor. Metaphor is viewed from the relatively clear structure of the structure, the specific Siwon domain to the relative fuzzy structure and the mapping of the abstract source domain. But the mapping of the metaphor is not arbitrary, it is rooted in the human body's physical experience, including the human body sensory organs, intellectual feelings, and the specific social and natural environment. Factor.
Emotion is the most important experience of human life. It is the most important embodiment of human experience. Because emotion is too abstract and vague, most of the emotions are expressed through metaphor. Therefore, the study of emotional metaphor is typical. Love is the most basic, the most common, the most mysterious and the most complex of all human emotions. It contains very rich conceptual content. The expression of love is also varied. There are a lot of Love Metaphors in both English and Chinese. Therefore, this paper chooses the conceptual metaphor of love as a research topic, and makes a cross-cultural comparison of the conceptual metaphor of love and love in English and Chinese love songs from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. The purpose is to find a comparative study of love and love in English and Chinese love songs. It is found that the two languages of English and Chinese are biased towards the understanding of the abstract and complex concept of love through some specific concepts, and the cognition of the same concept, and there are many similar metaphors and some different metaphors in the two languages in the two languages. For example, there are two English and Chinese languages, love is a journey, love is a plant, love is fire, love is a container, love is war and love is a commodity. But English "love is nutrition" and "love is marriage" in Chinese are the unique love metaphors of the two languages. The English and Chinese love metaphor originates from similar physical experience, such as the common physiological and psychological basis, and the differences between English and Chinese culture, such as the living environment, religious belief, etc.
This study confirms the basic point of view of modern metaphor: metaphor is ubiquitous. It plays an important role in human understanding of abstract things and the objective world. Conceptual metaphors are subject to human physical experience, both cognitive and cultural relativity. In this paper, a large number of Chinese and English corpus are compared and analyzed for modern metaphors. The theory provides strong evidence, hoping that this article can also help people understand the relationship between language, culture and thinking and cognition, as well as cross-cultural communication.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H315;H15

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