基于演化原型框架的汉字教学设计及其效果研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 07:36

本文选题：教学设计 + 演化原型　；参考：《华东师范大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：本论文重点研究基于演化原型框架的教学设计,将立足点置于国际汉语教育的大环境中,选取汉字教学为例,尝试将教学设计领域的理念及其实现步骤较为系统地应用在汉字教学设计中,并客观地对其实施效果进行评价和分析。论文的总体结构来源于演化原型框架的四个组成部分,分别为分析、构造、运行、评价。在原型表示的基础上,本研究结合国际汉语教育汉字教学的特点,提出汉字教学设计的演化原型研究框架。汉字教学设计的演化原型框架由四个主要模块组成：模块一为汉字教学设计分析,模块二为汉字教学预成设计；模块三为汉字教学生成设计及运行实验；模块四为汉字教学设计结果分析与改进。通过四大模块的研究,形成首个汉字教学设计原型,并为后续迭代提供汉字教学设计框架。第一章首先对选题的背景、意义,论文的研究思路、重点以及难点等进行阐述,然后对学习理论、经典模型、原型法教学设计、汉字教学设计等方面进行综述。第一章的小结中,根据Hype曲线分析了国际汉语教育中汉字教学设计所处的阶段以及未来可能的发展趋势,指出对基于演化原型框架的汉字教学设计,要有客观的认识。第二章进行汉字教学设计理论基础研究。本章的汉字教学设计理论研究分为两个部分,第一部分为学习理论连续谱研究,进行汉字教学设计的连续谱理论分析。学习理论是教学设计最重要的理论基础,本研究提出了汉字教学设计的学习理论连续谱,将学习理论与知识获得阶段、知识特征、以及语言学习阶段逐级对应。第二部分进行汉字教学设计的多媒体设计理论研究。如何使各个媒体要素发挥作用,是多媒体理论研究的重点。教学设计引起的内在认知负荷、外在认知负荷和相关认知负荷的总和,不能超过学习者工作记忆容量。本研究运用多媒体教学设计的相关理论,提出汉字教学设计的六大要点。第三章从教学设计的角度出发,对汉字的形、音、义特征进行研究。第二章中的教学设计理论研究并不具体针对汉字教学,因此,本章期望通过教学设计视角下的汉字特征分析,将第二章的学习理论研究、多媒体设计理论研究与具体的汉字特征研究联系起来。通过这样的分析,能为演化原型的前端分析进行预热。这一章分析了汉字的字形特征、字音特征以及字义特征,尝试提出作为第二语言文字系统的汉字特征识别加工模型,为汉字教学设计提供来自认知心理的依据。在此基础上,进行了字形、字音、字义的教学设计分析。以上的研究是基于演化原型框架的汉字教学设计的基础研究,完成基础研究后,进入演化原型框架进行汉字教学设计的具体研究。第四章进行汉字教学设计前端分析。汉字教学设计首先根据目标这一要素,与学习理论的连续谱相契合,构成了汉字教学设计五级连续谱。在这个基础上,进行汉字教学设计的需求分析、教学内容分析以及学习者分析,并提出在国际汉语的汉字教学设计中,学习者可以从“合法的边缘性参与”开始,逐渐进入实践共同体的核心。第五章对汉字教学设计的预成设计进行研究。对教学资源选择、相关材料开发,非教学材料设计,教学设计工具运用等方面进行了分析。在教学设计五级连续谱基础上,构建了各级汉字教学设计参考模型。参考模型研究属于预成设计研究的内容,同时为生成设计研究提供了必要的准备,是从预成设计向生成设计的过渡。第五章的研究构成演化原型的第二模块：汉字教学预成设计。其研究结果与第一模块的原型结合。第六章进行汉字教学生成设计研究。生成设计主要根据上述研究所获得的原型基础,结合具体情况,进行各级的汉字生成设计,并进行了生成设计运行实验设计。根据国际汉语教育的实际情况,以及汉字教学设计的特点,本研究运行采用准实验设计,包括不相等对照组准实验和时间序列准实验。研究方法以评价研究为主,结合行动研究的方法。第六章属于演化原型的第三个模块：汉字教学生成设计及运行实验。第七章进行运行实验的分析,通过不相等对照组准实验和时间序列准实验的结果分析,可以发现汉字教学设计的确可以实现较好的效果。但在生成设计的运行实验中,受到学习者、教师,软硬件等因素交叉作用,会对教学设计效果产生较大影响。本研究采用准实验设计的意义正是需要将这些因素考虑在内,因为教学设计的意义就在于在实际环境中发挥效用。通过实验分析,可以总结出,原型教学设计的有效性已经明确,但受到多种因素的影响,原型教学设计在不同的环境中,实施效果波动较大。进一步分析后,发现这种生成设计的有效性与其教学设计质量呈显著正相关。由于教学设计质量的不稳定,导致教学设计效果的波动。因此,要保证原型教学设计有效性的同时如何保证教学设计质量的稳定,就成了原型改进需要讨论的问题。第八章针对第七章的研究结果,引入学习对象研究。学习对象的特性,可以满足演化原型教学设计的改进需要。可重用性是学习对象最重要的性质。而教学设计原型需要解决的问题,是关于教学设计质量的问题,通过可重用性的建设,可以解决教学设计质量的不稳定性。第七章和第八章组成第四模块：汉字教学设计结果分析与改进,该模块的研究结果与其它三大模块的原型,共同组成首个汉字教学设计原型。第九章将本研究的主要观点和创新之处进行了总结,提出了存在的问题和今后研究的方向。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the teaching design based on the evolutionary prototype framework, and puts the foothold in the environment of the international Chinese education, selects the Chinese character teaching as an example, and tries to systematically apply the concept and the implementation steps of the teaching design field to the Chinese character teaching design, and objectively evaluate and analyze the effect of its implementation. The overall structure comes from the four components of the evolutionary prototype framework, which are analysis, construction, operation and evaluation. On the basis of the prototype representation, this study combines the characteristics of the teaching of Chinese characters in the international Chinese education, and proposes an evolutionary prototype framework for the design of Chinese character teaching. The evolutionary prototype framework of the Chinese character teaching design consists of four main modules. Module one for Chinese character teaching design analysis, module 2 for Chinese character teaching pre design; module three for Chinese character teaching design and operation experiment; module four for Chinese character teaching design results analysis and improvement. Through the study of four modules, the first Chinese character teaching design prototype, and provide Chinese character teaching design framework for subsequent iterations.
The first chapter introduces the background, significance, research ideas, key points and difficulties of the thesis. Then it summarizes the learning theory, classic model, prototype teaching design, Chinese character teaching design and so on. In the first chapter, the stage of Chinese character teaching design in international Chinese education is analyzed according to the Hype curve. And possible future trends, pointing out that there should be an objective understanding of the Chinese character instructional design based on the evolutionary prototype framework.
The second chapter carries out the basic research on the theory of Chinese character teaching design. The study of Chinese character teaching design theory in this chapter is divided into two parts. The first part is the continuous spectrum study of the learning theory, and the continuous spectral analysis of the Chinese character teaching design is carried out. The study theory is the most important theoretical basis for the teaching design. The second part carries out the study of the multimedia design theory of Chinese character teaching design. How to make the various media elements play a role is the focus of the research on the multimedia theory. The internal cognitive load caused by the teaching design and the external cognition are negative. The sum of the load and related cognitive load can not exceed the capacity of the learners' working memory. In this study, the six main points of Chinese character teaching design are put forward by using the related theories of multimedia teaching design.
The third chapter studies the shape, sound and meaning of Chinese characters from the perspective of teaching design. The study of instructional design theory in the second chapter does not specifically aim at the teaching of Chinese characters. Therefore, this chapter expects to study the learning theory of the second chapters, study the theory of multimedia design and specific Chinese characters through the analysis of the characters of Chinese characters from the perspective of teaching design. Through this analysis, we can preheat the front-end analysis of the evolutionary prototype. This chapter analyzes the characters, characters and characters of the Chinese characters, and tries to put forward the processing model of Chinese character recognition as the second language system, and provides the basis of cognitive psychology for the Chinese character teaching design. On this basis, the teaching design analysis of glyph, character and meaning is carried out.
The above research is based on the basic research of Chinese character teaching design based on the evolutionary prototype framework. After completing the basic research, it enters the framework of evolutionary prototype to carry out the specific research of Chinese character teaching design.
The fourth chapter analyzes the front-end of the Chinese character teaching design. First, the Chinese character teaching design is based on the goal, which is consistent with the continuous spectrum of the learning theory, and constitutes the five level continuous spectrum of Chinese character teaching design. On this basis, the demand analysis of Chinese character teaching design, the analysis of teaching content and the analysis of the learners are carried out, and the Chinese language is put forward in the international Chinese language. In the teaching design of Chinese characters, learners can start from the "legitimate marginal participation" and gradually enter the core of the community of practice.
In the fifth chapter, the design of Chinese character teaching design is studied. The selection of teaching resources, the development of related materials, the design of non teaching materials and the application of teaching design tools are analyzed. On the basis of the five level continuous spectrum of teaching design, the reference model of Chinese character teaching design at all levels is constructed. The study of the reference model belongs to the pre design research. At the same time, it provides the necessary preparation for the generation of design research. It is the transition from pre design to generation design. The study of the fifth chapter constitutes the second module of the evolutionary prototype: the design of Chinese character teaching. The results of the study are combined with the prototype of the first module.
The sixth chapter carries out the research on the design of Chinese character teaching. The generation design is based on the prototype basis obtained by the above research, and combines the specific conditions to carry out the design of Chinese characters at all levels, and carries out the design of the design and operation of the design. According to the actual situation of the international Chinese education and the characteristics of the Chinese character teaching design, this research is used in this study. The quasi experimental design includes the quasi experiment of the unequal control group and the quasi experiment of the time series. The research method is based on the evaluation research and the method of action research. The sixth chapter belongs to the third modules of the evolutionary prototype: the design of the Chinese character teaching and the operation experiment.
The seventh chapter carries out the analysis of the operation experiment. Through the analysis of the quasi experiment of the unequal control group and the quasi experiment of the time series, it can be found that the Chinese character teaching design can actually achieve better results. But in the operation experiment of the generation design, the intersecting effect of the factors such as the learner, the teacher, the software and the hardware and so on will produce a better effect on the teaching design effect. The significance of using quasi experimental design in this study is to take these factors into consideration, because the significance of teaching design is to play an effective role in the actual environment. Through the experimental analysis, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of prototype teaching design has been clear, but influenced by many factors, the prototype Teaching design is in different rings. In the context, the effect fluctuates greatly. After further analysis, it is found that the effectiveness of this design is positively related to the quality of the teaching design. The instability of the quality of teaching design leads to the fluctuation of the teaching design effect. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the effectiveness of the prototype Teaching design and how to ensure the stability of the teaching design quality at the same time. The problem that the prototype improvement needs to be discussed.
The eighth chapter introduces the research results of the seventh chapter to the study object research. The characteristics of the learning object can meet the needs of the improvement of the evolutionary prototype teaching design. The reusability is the most important nature of the learning object. And the problem that the teaching design prototype needs to be solved is the problem of the quality of teaching design and the construction of reusability. To solve the instability of the quality of teaching design.
The seventh and eighth chapters are composed of fourth modules: the analysis and improvement of the results of Chinese character teaching design. The results of this module and the prototype of the other three modules constitute the first prototype of the Chinese character teaching design.
The ninth chapter summarizes the main points and innovations of this study, and puts forward the existing problems and future research directions.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

【引证文献】