论竹添光鸿《左氏会笺》的成就与不足

发布时间：2018-07-14 19:56

【摘要】：在经学史研究中，《左传》作为儒家经典之一，人们对其进行的研究历久不衰。本文选取日本汉学家竹添光鸿所笺注的《左氏会笺》作专题研究。侧重於其笺注部分，重点阐明其训释的成就与不足。基於竹添氏采用金泽文库本《春秋经传集解》为其工作底本，，而金泽文库本《春秋经传集解》乃唐代流传至日本的隋唐旧钞卷子本《左传》，其版本乃目前《左传》存世最古且完整的本子，而竹添氏又以四种宋刊本《左传》、唐石经、《经典释文》等诸多文献对卷子本进行校勘，不止使原隋唐旧钞卷子本更趋於精良，亦提供了一个更为可靠的《左传》文本。故本文便梳理竹添氏所作的校记，试图归纳出其《左氏会笺》的校勘价值及校勘方法，从而看出竹添氏对《左传》校勘的成就。此为第一章。作为深受乾嘉学风影响的日本学者之一，竹添氏在其笺注内容中所采用的训释方法，都可以看到乾嘉学者朴实考据的影子。因此本文在竹添氏笺注的基础上，从其训诂词汇及分析章句的方法去归纳其训释的方法特点。在训诂词汇方面，竹添氏侧重於呱形索义、因声求义、辨别词义等方法去揭示字词的内容，其方法甚具科学性，甚至还提出了实字活用的概念，可谓对中国近代语法史研究颇有补益。而在分析章句上，除了前儒常见的判断句读、辨析虚词等工作外，竹添氏还注意辨别句式、串讲文句文意、阐明文句修辞，极具特色。因此通过分析《左氏会笺》，可以看出清儒治学方法对域外学者的影响，进而论证竹添氏的笺注方法实是从清儒之学的土壤中发展出来的，这对中、日经学发展研究有著重要的参考意义。此为第二章。由於《左氏会笺》是研究《左传》、域外汉学都不能绕开的重要著作，本文便著重剖析其训诂阐释之近真的笺注面貌。竹添氏所选择的卷子本《左传》，本仅有经文、传文及杜预的集解，故竹添氏便在经、传、注之下都分别为之作笺。竹添氏作笺注的形式，看上去与唐人作正义相似，然与唐人作正义所不同的是唐人往往疏不破注，而竹添氏的笺注却择善而从，杜注不误即予以肯定；杜注有问题的地方，竹添氏便往往破注另立一说。同时，竹添氏也善於在前人未疑之处发现问题，并尝试旁徵博引以解决之。有鉴於此，本文尝试归纳竹添氏破杜之内容，进而考察竹添氏训释的近真情况。此为第三章。然而竹添氏《左氏会笺》依旧存在着一些不足之处，虽然瑕不掩瑜，但我们不必为贤者讳，才能更加实事求是地认识此书的价值。因此本文便举例论述竹添氏在《左氏会笺》训诂上的一些问题，进而尝试追溯导致这些问题产生的原因，看出竹添氏局限性之所在。此为第四章。本文的撰作乃由读经而来，采用的方法以例证法为主，而梳理材料并有所阐明是本文的主要工作，以期为《左传》学史研究稍作贡献。
[Abstract]:Zuo Zhuan, as one of the Confucian classics, has been studied for a long time in the study of the history of Confucian classics. In this paper, Zhu Tianguanghong, a Japanese sinologist, is selected as a special topic. Focus on its note part, the focus on its interpretation of the achievements and shortcomings. Based on Zhu Tian's work, Kanazawa library "interpretation of Spring and Autumn Meridian" is used as its working base. And Kanazawa's book, "interpretation of the Spring and Autumn Chronicles", is the Sui and Tang banknote paper book "Zuo Zhuan", which was handed down to Japan in the Tang Dynasty. Its version is the oldest and most complete book in the world at present. Zhu Tim collates the test books with four kinds of Song editions, such as Zuo Zhuan, Tang Shi Jing, Classical interpretation, and so on, which not only makes the old paper books of Sui and Tang dynasties more sophisticated, but also provides a more reliable version of Zuo Zhuan. Therefore, this paper combs Zhu Tian's collation notes, tries to sum up the collation value and method of Zhu Tian's "Zuo Shi Hui Ji", and thus finds out Zhu Tian's achievements in "Zuo Zhuan" collation. This is the first chapter. As one of the Japanese scholars deeply influenced by the style of study in Qianjia, Zhu Tien's explanation method in his notes can see the shadow of the simple textual research of Qianjia scholars. Therefore, on the basis of Zhu Tian's notes, this paper sums up the characteristics of his explanation from the methods of his exegetical vocabulary and the method of analyzing Zhang sentence. In the aspect of exegetical vocabulary, Zhu Tim focuses on quack meaning, seeking meaning by sound, distinguishing word meaning and so on to reveal the content of words. The method is scientific and even puts forward the concept of using real words. It can be said to be quite helpful to the study of Chinese modern grammar history. In the analysis of Zhang sentence, apart from the common judgment sentence reading and function word analysis, Zhu Tim also pays attention to distinguishing sentence structure, stringing sentence meaning and clarifying rhetorical figure of writing sentence. Therefore, through the analysis of the "Zuo Family Club Notes", we can see the influence of the Confucian scholarship method of the Qing Dynasty on the foreign scholars, and then prove that Zhu Tian's annotating method was actually developed from the soil of the Confucian school of the Qing Dynasty. The study on the development of Japanese classics is of great significance. This is the second chapter. As Zuo Zuo Hui Ji is an important work of studying Zuo Zuo Zuo Z@@ Bamboo Tim selected the paper "Zuo Zhuan", this text only scripture, text and du Di set solution, so bamboo Tim in the Sutra, biography, note are respectively used as a note. The form of bamboo Tim's note seems to be similar to that of the Tang people, but what is different from the justice of the Tang people is that the Tang people tend not to break notes, but the notes of bamboo Tim tend to follow the good, and du's notes are affirmed without mistake; du notes have problems. Bamboo Tim often breaks down another statement. At the same time, Zhu Tim is also good at finding problems in the past and trying to solve them. In view of this, this paper attempts to sum up the content of bamboo Tim's breaking down, and then to investigate the near true situation of bamboo Tim's explanation. This is the third chapter. However, there are still some shortcomings in Zhu Tian's "Zuo's Club". Although the defects are not hidden, we do not have to be taboo for the virtuous, in order to realize the value of this book more realistically. Therefore, this paper illustrates some problems of Zhu Tian's exegesis in Zuo Shi Hui Ji, and tries to trace back the causes of these problems and see the limitation of Zhu Tim. This is the fourth chapter. The compilation of this paper is based on the reading of the classics, and the method used is mainly exemplification, and combing and clarifying the materials is the main work of this paper, in order to make a little contribution to the study of the history of the study of Zuo Zhuan.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H13

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