汉英自然实体类极言对比
发布时间：2018-07-20 22:07
【摘要】：本论文依据极言理论和范畴理论从物质性实体词角度进行汉语极言和英语极言的对比研究，发现和解释两种语言存在的共性与差异。 无论在汉语还是英语里，指称自然存在物的词语大多本身就具有极性意义并且同一实体词在不同范畴下的不同属性都可能存在多重极性意义。一个指称实体对象的词语，可能某部分的属性义在英语和汉语里同时具有极性意义，而某部分的属性义或者在英语里不具有极性意义或者在汉语里不具有极性意义。 汉语词汇和英语词汇中指称自然天体的实体词的极性意义非常丰富，在数量范畴、时间范畴、空间范畴下都具有极性属性义，且两种文化都在社会范畴下赋予这些词以极性意义。中西文化都认识到海洋在深度范畴和空间范畴的极性属性，但中国人民将海洋视为永恒存在者，相应地汉语词语也在时间范畴下拥有极性意义。同样的情况发生在对山体的认知上，，因此指称山体的汉语词汇具有时间极性属性义，而相应的英语词汇却不具有时间极性属性义。汉语和英语的动物类和植物类实体性极言差异性很大，可以说差异性比共性明显得多，尤其是植物类实体性极言。对于人体器官的各种极性属性的认识，两种文化存在相当多共性，而差异性较少，主要体现在对心脏的思维功能的认知上，汉语中指称心脏的词语在功能范畴上比英语中相应的词语的极性意义更丰富。 汉语极言与英语极言存在的共性与异性源于两种文化思维的相似性与相异性。对于同一物质性实体对象，从不同范畴不同属性角度，会产生截然不同的认识结果，这种结果会直接导致语言形式和涵义的多种多样。地理环境、历史及人文方面的差异导致汉语与英语里的极言在具体内容上有很大的不同。 本论文共分为五部分。第一部分为绪论。第二部分介绍了什么是极言及极言的范畴特征和认知机制。第三部分探讨了汉英文化中关于自然实体的极性属性的认知共性与差异。第四部分是汉语与英语中指称自然实体的极言的对比。最后一部分为总结。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of polar theory and category theory, this thesis makes a comparative study of Chinese polar words and English extreme words from the perspective of material substantive words, and finds out and explains the similarities and differences between the two languages. In both Chinese and English, most of the words referring to natural beings have polar meanings and the different attributes of the same substantive words in different categories may have multi-polar meanings. A word referring to a substantive object may have the attribute meaning of some part in English and Chinese at the same time, while the attribute meaning of some part is either not polar meaning in English or polar meaning in Chinese. The polar meanings of substantive words referring to natural objects in Chinese vocabulary and English vocabulary are very rich. They all have polar attribute meanings in the categories of quantity, time and space. And both cultures give these words polar meanings in the context of society. Both Chinese and Western cultures recognize the polar attributes of the ocean in the category of depth and space, but the Chinese people regard the ocean as an eternal being, and correspondingly Chinese words have polar meanings in the context of time. The same situation occurs in the cognition of the mountain body, so the Chinese words referring to the mountain body have temporal polarity attribute meaning, but the corresponding English vocabulary does not have the temporal polarity attribute meaning. There is a great difference between Chinese and English animals and plants, which can be said to be much more obvious than the commonality, especially the plant substance. For the understanding of various polar attributes of human organs, there are quite a lot of commonalities between the two cultures, but there are few differences, which are mainly reflected in the cognition of the thinking function of the heart. The words referring to the heart in Chinese have more polarity than the corresponding words in English. The commonness and heterogeneity of Chinese and English polar words originate from the similarities and differences between the two cultures. For the same material entity object, different cognitive results can be produced from different categories and different attributes, which will directly lead to a variety of language forms and meanings. The differences in geography, history and humanities lead to great differences between Chinese and English in terms of content. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction. The second part introduces the category characteristics and cognitive mechanism of extreme speech and extreme speech. The third part discusses the cognitive commonness and difference of the polarity attribute of natural entity in Chinese and English culture. The fourth part is the comparison between Chinese and English referring to natural entities. The last part is a summary.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195
本文编号：2134945
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of polar theory and category theory, this thesis makes a comparative study of Chinese polar words and English extreme words from the perspective of material substantive words, and finds out and explains the similarities and differences between the two languages. In both Chinese and English, most of the words referring to natural beings have polar meanings and the different attributes of the same substantive words in different categories may have multi-polar meanings. A word referring to a substantive object may have the attribute meaning of some part in English and Chinese at the same time, while the attribute meaning of some part is either not polar meaning in English or polar meaning in Chinese. The polar meanings of substantive words referring to natural objects in Chinese vocabulary and English vocabulary are very rich. They all have polar attribute meanings in the categories of quantity, time and space. And both cultures give these words polar meanings in the context of society. Both Chinese and Western cultures recognize the polar attributes of the ocean in the category of depth and space, but the Chinese people regard the ocean as an eternal being, and correspondingly Chinese words have polar meanings in the context of time. The same situation occurs in the cognition of the mountain body, so the Chinese words referring to the mountain body have temporal polarity attribute meaning, but the corresponding English vocabulary does not have the temporal polarity attribute meaning. There is a great difference between Chinese and English animals and plants, which can be said to be much more obvious than the commonality, especially the plant substance. For the understanding of various polar attributes of human organs, there are quite a lot of commonalities between the two cultures, but there are few differences, which are mainly reflected in the cognition of the thinking function of the heart. The words referring to the heart in Chinese have more polarity than the corresponding words in English. The commonness and heterogeneity of Chinese and English polar words originate from the similarities and differences between the two cultures. For the same material entity object, different cognitive results can be produced from different categories and different attributes, which will directly lead to a variety of language forms and meanings. The differences in geography, history and humanities lead to great differences between Chinese and English in terms of content. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction. The second part introduces the category characteristics and cognitive mechanism of extreme speech and extreme speech. The third part discusses the cognitive commonness and difference of the polarity attribute of natural entity in Chinese and English culture. The fourth part is the comparison between Chinese and English referring to natural entities. The last part is a summary.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 卢卫中;人体隐喻化的认知特点[J];外语教学;2003年06期
本文编号：2134945
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