现代汉语“比N还N”句式的多角度考察

发布时间：2018-07-24 09:24

【摘要】：“比N还N”句式是现代汉语中比较活跃的句式，该句式是一种特殊的比字句。本文运用分析与综合相结合的方法，对“比N还N”句式进行了多角度的考察，主要考察了句式的形式、语义、语用等方面的特点。首先，本文讨论了“比N还N”句式的形式特点，研究了句式的层次关系和组成成分“比”“还”“N”的意义。重点考察了“比N还N”句式中“N”的语义类型和形式特征。从语义上说，N一般为具体名词，并且指人名词居多。从形式上说，句式分为简单形式和复杂形式。其次，我们分析了“比N还N”句式的语义特征，考察了进入句式中的“N”在语义上的强制性要求，并且比较了前后两个N的不同。第三，本文分析了“比N还N”句式的语用特征，重点考察了语境对“比N还N”句式的制约和选择，并且对句式的焦点作出了分析。第四，本文从认知的角度解释了“比N还N”句式的内在理据，主要从名词的非范畴化、转喻、“主观性”和“主观化”等方面进行了解释。最后，我们分析了“比N还N”句式和“比N还A”句式以及与两个N之间连接词为“还要”“还像”“更”“更加”这些句式的异同，指出“比N还N”句式是一种特殊的比字句。
[Abstract]:The sentence pattern of "Bi N to N" is an active sentence pattern in modern Chinese, which is a special kind of comparative sentence. By combining analysis and synthesis, this paper makes a multi-angle investigation on the sentence pattern of "Bei N + N", mainly on the characteristics of form, semantics, pragmatics and so on. First of all, this paper discusses the formal characteristics of the sentence form of "than N to N", and studies the hierarchical relationship of sentence structure and the meaning of the component of "than" and "N". The semantic types and formal characteristics of "N" in the sentence pattern of "N return N" are mainly investigated. In terms of semantics, N is generally a concrete noun, and refers to the majority of human nouns. From the formal point of view, sentence patterns can be divided into simple form and complex form. Secondly, we analyze the semantic characteristics of "N + N" sentence, investigate the mandatory semantic requirements of "N" in the sentence structure, and compare the differences between the two N types. Thirdly, this paper analyzes the pragmatic characteristics of the sentence pattern "than N back N", and focuses on the restriction and choice of context on the sentence pattern of "than N return N", and makes an analysis of the focus of the sentence pattern. Fourthly, this paper explains the internal motivation of the sentence of "returning N than N" from the perspective of cognition, mainly from the aspects of non-categorization, metonymy, subjectivity and subjectivization of nouns. Finally, we analyze the similarities and differences between the sentence patterns of "more than N" and "than N and A", as well as the connecting words "more" and "more" between the two Ns. It is pointed out that the sentence of "returning N to N" is a special kind of sentence.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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