“越X越Y”句式与对外汉语教学
发布时间：2018-07-28 15:34
【摘要】：“越X越Y”句式是汉语中常见的句式，在对外汉语教学中是初级阶段的留学生需要掌握的句式之一。本文首先对“越X越Y”句式的语义类型、句法功能、构式义等方面进行了详细的分析；然后，通过问卷调查归纳出留学生学习这一句式时经常出现的偏误类型，并且具体分析了偏误的原因；最后针对出现的偏误类型以及造成偏误的原因，提出了几点教学建议和策略。本文共五个部分，主要内容如下： 第一章是引言。为对外汉语教师教授“越X越Y”句式提供一定的理论支持，进而改进“越X越Y”句式的教学现状和提高教学质量，本文选择“越X越Y”句式进行研究；对“越”的词性、“越X越Y”句式的语义特征和语义关系、句式类型、句法功能、二语习得中的偏误等方面的研究现状做了详细的阐述，并发现现行的研究只局限于这一句式的某一方面，没有系统的研究；提出本文的研究范围，即“越X越Y”句式，并且把“越来越Y”句式作为“越X越Y”句式的特殊形式进行分析。 第二章是“越X越Y”句式的基本类型和句法功能。根据能够进入X、Y的词语的不同，把“越X越Y”句式分为六种不同的语义类型；把“越来越Y”句式作为“越X越Y”句式的特殊形式，并且根据Y的不同把“越来越Y”句式分为三种不同类型；探讨了“越X越Y”句式的句法功能，“越X越Y”可以在单句中充当主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等句法成分和“越X”、“越Y”在复句中分别充当谓语、补语、状语、定语等句法成分。 第三章是“越X越Y”作为一种构式。从认知语言学的角度把“越X越Y”句式作为一个构式，分析这一句式的构式类型，它是一种标记性构式，用起关联作用的副词“越”标记，表示某段时间内持续进行的变化过程，并且这一构式具有时间、可持续变化的意义特点；从这一句式的构式义与X和Y的词汇义相互融合、构式义赋予X和Y以新的词汇义、构式义和X、Y的词汇义相排斥三个方面论述“越X越Y”句式的构式义与X和Y的词汇义之间的关系。 第四章是对“越X越Y”句式的偏误分析。通过问卷调查，发现留学生在习得这一句式时经常出现的偏误；偏误的类型主要有语序的偏误、主语和谓语位置上的偏误、语义搭配的偏误、与其他词语的错误连用等，并且从母语迁移、目的语干扰、解释误导、回避策略四个方面详细分析出现偏误的主要原因。 第五章是针对“越X越Y”句式的教学策略。在教材中教学顺序的安排要根据“越X越Y”句式和“越来越Y”句式的不同类型提出相对应的建议，并且把“越来越Y”句式放在“越X越Y”句式的前面进行学习；在课堂教学中针对“越来越Y”句式和“越X越Y”句式的每一类型提出具体的教学建议；课后练习要静态训练动态训练相结合，还需要有阶段性的练习。
[Abstract]:"Yue X and Y" is a common sentence pattern in Chinese, and it is one of the sentence patterns needed to be mastered by foreign students in the primary stage of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. This paper first analyzes the semantic type, syntactic function and construction meaning of the sentence pattern of "Yue X and Y", and then, through the questionnaire survey, concludes the types of errors that often occur when foreign students learn this sentence pattern. Finally, according to the types of errors and the causes of errors, some teaching suggestions and strategies are put forward. This article has five parts, the main contents are as follows: the first chapter is the introduction. In order to provide some theoretical support for teachers of Chinese as a foreign language to teach "the more X, the more Y", and then to improve the present teaching situation and the teaching quality of the sentence pattern of "Yue X and Y", this paper chooses the sentence pattern of "Yue X as the Y" to study, and to study the part of speech of "Yue". The semantic characteristics and semantic relations, sentence types, syntactic functions, errors in second language acquisition and so on of "Yue X Yue Y" sentences are described in detail, and it is found that the current research is limited to one aspect of this sentence pattern. There is no systematic study, and the research scope of this paper is "the more X is the Y", and the "more and more Y" sentence is analyzed as the special form of "the more X and the Y". The second chapter is about the basic types and syntactic functions of the sentence pattern "Yue X and Y". According to the different words that can enter XY, the sentence pattern of "Yue X is more Y" is divided into six different semantic types, and "more and more Y" sentence pattern is regarded as the special form of "more and more X more Y" sentence. And according to the difference of Y, the sentence pattern of "more and more Y" can be divided into three different types, and the syntactic function of "Yue X is more Y" is discussed, which can act as subject, predicate, object, attributive and adverbial in a single sentence. The syntactic elements such as complement and "Yue X" and "Yue Y" act as predicate, complement, adverbial and attributive in complex sentence respectively. The third chapter is "cross X and Y" as a construction. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, the sentence pattern of "Yue X is more than Y" is taken as a construction, and the construction type of this sentence is analyzed. It is a kind of marked construction, which is marked by the adverb "Yue", which plays the role of correlation. Represents a continuous process of change over a certain period of time, and this construction has the characteristics of time and sustainable change; from the syntactic meaning of this sentence to the lexical meaning of X and Y, the constructional meaning gives X and Y new lexical meanings. This paper discusses the relationship between the construction meaning and the lexical meaning of X and Y in the construction and the lexical exclusion of XY. The fourth chapter is the error analysis of the sentence pattern of "crossing X and Y". Through the questionnaire survey, it is found that the errors often occur in the acquisition of this sentence pattern, the main types of errors are errors in word order, errors in the position of subjects and predicates, errors in semantic collocations, errors in conjunction with other words, etc. The main causes of errors are analyzed from four aspects: mother tongue transfer, target language interference, interpretation misdirection and avoidance strategy. The fifth chapter is aimed at the teaching strategy of the sentence pattern of "more X and more Y". The arrangement of teaching order in the teaching material should be based on the different types of sentence pattern of "Yue X and Yue Y" and "more and more Y", and put "more and more Y" sentence in front of "Yue X and Y"; In classroom teaching, specific teaching suggestions are put forward for each type of sentence pattern of "more and more Y" and "more and more X and Y", and the practice after class should be combined with static training and dynamic training, as well as periodic practice.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195
[Abstract]:"Yue X and Y" is a common sentence pattern in Chinese, and it is one of the sentence patterns needed to be mastered by foreign students in the primary stage of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. This paper first analyzes the semantic type, syntactic function and construction meaning of the sentence pattern of "Yue X and Y", and then, through the questionnaire survey, concludes the types of errors that often occur when foreign students learn this sentence pattern. Finally, according to the types of errors and the causes of errors, some teaching suggestions and strategies are put forward. This article has five parts, the main contents are as follows: the first chapter is the introduction. In order to provide some theoretical support for teachers of Chinese as a foreign language to teach "the more X, the more Y", and then to improve the present teaching situation and the teaching quality of the sentence pattern of "Yue X and Y", this paper chooses the sentence pattern of "Yue X as the Y" to study, and to study the part of speech of "Yue". The semantic characteristics and semantic relations, sentence types, syntactic functions, errors in second language acquisition and so on of "Yue X Yue Y" sentences are described in detail, and it is found that the current research is limited to one aspect of this sentence pattern. There is no systematic study, and the research scope of this paper is "the more X is the Y", and the "more and more Y" sentence is analyzed as the special form of "the more X and the Y". The second chapter is about the basic types and syntactic functions of the sentence pattern "Yue X and Y". According to the different words that can enter XY, the sentence pattern of "Yue X is more Y" is divided into six different semantic types, and "more and more Y" sentence pattern is regarded as the special form of "more and more X more Y" sentence. And according to the difference of Y, the sentence pattern of "more and more Y" can be divided into three different types, and the syntactic function of "Yue X is more Y" is discussed, which can act as subject, predicate, object, attributive and adverbial in a single sentence. The syntactic elements such as complement and "Yue X" and "Yue Y" act as predicate, complement, adverbial and attributive in complex sentence respectively. The third chapter is "cross X and Y" as a construction. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, the sentence pattern of "Yue X is more than Y" is taken as a construction, and the construction type of this sentence is analyzed. It is a kind of marked construction, which is marked by the adverb "Yue", which plays the role of correlation. Represents a continuous process of change over a certain period of time, and this construction has the characteristics of time and sustainable change; from the syntactic meaning of this sentence to the lexical meaning of X and Y, the constructional meaning gives X and Y new lexical meanings. This paper discusses the relationship between the construction meaning and the lexical meaning of X and Y in the construction and the lexical exclusion of XY. The fourth chapter is the error analysis of the sentence pattern of "crossing X and Y". Through the questionnaire survey, it is found that the errors often occur in the acquisition of this sentence pattern, the main types of errors are errors in word order, errors in the position of subjects and predicates, errors in semantic collocations, errors in conjunction with other words, etc. The main causes of errors are analyzed from four aspects: mother tongue transfer, target language interference, interpretation misdirection and avoidance strategy. The fifth chapter is aimed at the teaching strategy of the sentence pattern of "more X and more Y". The arrangement of teaching order in the teaching material should be based on the different types of sentence pattern of "Yue X and Yue Y" and "more and more Y", and put "more and more Y" sentence in front of "Yue X and Y"; In classroom teaching, specific teaching suggestions are put forward for each type of sentence pattern of "more and more Y" and "more and more X and Y", and the practice after class should be combined with static training and dynamic training, as well as periodic practice.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195
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