中级阶段泰国留学生错别字分析及教学建议

发布时间：2018-08-13 20:47

【摘要】：在对外汉语教学中,汉字教学往往是留学生学习汉语的难点之一。随着对外汉字的教学发展,前人关于汉字的分析和教学研究已经取得了一定的发展,但是相对于语音、词汇和语法的研究,在汉语错别字方面的研究就少得多。对于非汉字文化圈国家的留学生(本文研究的是泰国中级留学生)学习汉字来说,能从母语中借鉴来的规则少于汉字文化圈的留学生,汉字往往就是他们学习汉语的最大难关,汉字掌握程度的高低就直接影响到其学习汉语的水平。本文搜集了来西南大学学习汉语的81名泰国中级留学生及12名泰国本土教师的作业并对其进行了问卷调查,从他们的试卷、作文、听写、作业中找出在这个阶段汉字学习过程中,容易出现的错字、别字,进行统计归纳和分析研究,并制作了一份错别字调查表,按照错字的笔顺笔画问题、偏旁部首问题、结构问题,别字的混用等情况进行排列。结合学生的调查问卷对这些错别字进行分析,可以很清楚地了解到学生在学习汉字过程中出现的问题,比较常见的就是笔画的遗漏和添加,部件的错搭和音同、形近的汉字之间的混用。针对出现的这些错别字情况,结合实际教学,文章给出了比较适用的教学建议,例如对于错字,在笔顺笔画教学的时候一定要注重汉字基础的教学,强调汉字的笔画顺序和规范笔画的正确书写,细致地对每一个笔画进行讲解；在偏旁部件教学的时候,要让学生明确了解各个部件之间的联系和各自独立的涵义；对于别字,就要多例举同音字同形字,运用比较教学和规律教学,让学生在学习的过程中不会觉得枯燥,又能提高学生的汉字学习质量。通过对中级阶段泰国留学生出现的错别字的分类情况给出具有针对性的教学建议,适用于这个阶段留学生的汉字教学,可以引导学生更加有效地学习。
[Abstract]:In teaching Chinese as a foreign language, Chinese character teaching is often one of the difficulties for foreign students to learn Chinese. With the development of the teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries, the previous researches on the analysis and teaching of Chinese characters have made some progress, but compared with the study of pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar, the research on Chinese characters is much less. For students from non-Chinese cultural circle countries (this paper studies middle level students in Thailand), students who can learn Chinese characters from their mother tongue are less than those from Chinese cultural circles. Chinese characters are often the biggest difficulty for them to learn Chinese. The degree of mastery of Chinese characters directly affects their level of learning Chinese. This paper collected the assignments of 81 Thai intermediate students and 12 native Thai teachers who came to Southwest University to study Chinese, and conducted a questionnaire survey on them, including their papers, compositions, dictation. In the process of studying Chinese characters at this stage, we will find out the wrong characters and other characters that are easy to appear in the process of studying Chinese characters at this stage. We will conduct statistical induction and analysis and study, and we have made a questionnaire of the wrong characters, which are drawn according to the stroke sequence of the wrong characters and deviated from the radical problems. Structure problem, mixed use of other words and so on to arrange. Based on the analysis of the students' questionnaire, we can clearly understand the problems that appear in the process of students' learning Chinese characters. The common problems are the omission and addition of strokes, the mismatch of parts and the same sound. A mixture of Chinese characters in near form. According to the situation of these wrong characters, combined with the actual teaching, the article gives more suitable teaching suggestions. For example, when teaching the wrong characters, we must pay attention to the teaching of basic Chinese characters. Emphasizing the stroke order of Chinese characters and the correct writing of standard strokes, explaining each stroke in detail; when teaching on the side parts, let the students clearly understand the relationship between each component and their respective independent meanings; for other characters, It is necessary to give many examples of homonym and homograph, using comparative teaching and regular teaching, so that students will not feel boring in the process of learning, and can improve the quality of students' Chinese character learning. According to the classification of the wrong characters in the middle stage of Thai students, the teaching suggestions are given. The Chinese characters teaching for the students in this stage can guide the students to learn more effectively.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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