赞比亚学生汉语语音偏误分析及其教学策略

发布时间：2018-08-14 12:05

【摘要】：随着汉语国际教育的推广，越来越多的外国人开始学习汉语，国际上出现了“汉语热”现象，许多国外教育机构也相继开设了汉语课程，因学生学习时间长短不同分为长期教学和短期教学。在对外汉语教学过程中，语音教学是基础，语音学习也是外籍学生掌握汉语的首要任务，第一阶段学习效果的好坏直接影响其后的学习热情和学习质量。文章基于笔者在赞比亚中文国际学校教授汉语语音的教学实践，通过听辨测试和实验录音测试两种方法分别对该校汉语学习初、中、高级3个不同阶段的12名汉语学习者进行了汉语语音声韵调系统的考察，运用实验语音学知识分析其语音偏误形式，并借助语言对比、二语习得理论、中介语理论对其偏误进行分析，通过教学实践提出有效教学策略。赞比亚以前是英属殖民地国家，官方语言是英语，因该校学生的母语都是赞比亚族语中的CIBEMBA或CINYANJA，所以，我们对这两大族语的语音系统进行了分析。我们发现在汉语学习过程中，赞比亚学生的发音不仅仅受到官方语言英语的干扰，还受到母语负迁移的影响，因此在偏误表现形式上，除与其它英语国家学生学习汉语具有共性特征外，还具有自身语言环境下的特殊语音特点。本文采用听辨测试和录音测试相结合的方法对学生的汉语声母、韵母、声调展开语言调查，，并根据听辨和录音的偏误率制定了平均偏误率区间等级表有效指导不同阶段的语音学习和复习。针对赞比亚学生特殊的汉语语音学习特点，我们遵循汉语语音的内部规律，并通过汉赞、汉英语言间的对比，借助与播音主持专业的学科交叉为学生们提供有效的教学策略，帮助他们提高汉语语音水平。
[Abstract]:With the popularization of Chinese international education, more and more foreigners begin to learn Chinese. The phenomenon of "Chinese craze" has appeared in the world. Many foreign educational institutions have set up Chinese courses one after another, which can be divided into long-term teaching and short-term teaching according to the length of students'study. Learning is also the primary task for foreign students to master Chinese. The first stage of learning will directly affect their enthusiasm and learning quality.
Based on the author's teaching practice of Chinese phonetics in Zambia International School of Chinese Language, this paper investigates the phonological and phonological system of 12 Chinese learners in the three different stages of Chinese learning in Zambia International School by means of listening test and experimental recording test, and analyzes their language with experimental phonetics knowledge. The forms of phonetic errors are analyzed by means of linguistic comparison, second language acquisition theory and interlanguage theory, and effective teaching strategies are put forward through teaching practice.
Zambia was formerly a British colonial country and its official language was English. Since its students'mother tongue was either CIBEMBA or CINYANJA in Zambian, we analyzed the phonetic systems of the two languages. It is also influenced by the negative transfer of mother tongue. Therefore, in the form of errors, students from other English-speaking countries have not only the common features in learning Chinese, but also the special phonetic characteristics in their own language environment.
This paper investigates the students'Chinese initials, vowels and tones by means of listening test and recording test. According to the error rate of listening and recording, an interval scale of average error rate is drawn up to effectively guide phonetic learning and review in different stages. Following the internal rules of Chinese pronunciation, and through the comparison between Chinese and English, with the help of interdisciplinary radio hosting professional students to provide effective teaching strategies to help them improve their Chinese pronunciation level.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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