从修辞角度看涪陵方言单音节动词重叠

发布时间：2018-08-20 15:09

【摘要】：为从修辞角度考察涪陵方言中单音节动词的重叠,本文首先在理论上论证:动词重叠具有描摹功能,描述与叙述存在显著差别,描摹功能可以同时借助生动形式"的"及音节延长、声调变化等手段来实现,动词重叠还具有表达主观评价和情感反应的情态功能。然后以此为基础比较全面地考察了涪陵方言中单音节动词重叠的类型和修辞功能。借助于"的"以及音节延长、声调变化和语气词,涪陵方言中单音节动词重叠可以自由地充当描述性谓语和状语。作描述性谓语时,动词重叠的功能不是叙述一个事件,而是侧重描述动作的状态。作状语的情况主要有四种:V_1V_1的V_2P,V_1V_1V_1V_1的V_2P,V_1～V_1的V_2P和V_1～V_1V_1V_1的V_2P。第一种形式的功能在于描摹V_2表示的动作的方式;第二种形式中随着重叠的次数增加,在描摹动作状态的同时,常常因量的增加而附加上消极的情感体验;第三种形式中以第一个音节的延长和声调变化,夸张性地描摹动作的样态,并表达言者的主观体验;第四种形式是第二、三种形式的结合,具有最强的动作样态描摹和主观情态表达功能。重叠的动词后添加语气词如"啊"等可以表达强烈夸张的语气。此外,单音节动词还可构成"V了V的"、"要V要(不)V的"、"V起V起的"、"V倒V倒的"等重叠形式。
[Abstract]:In order to study the reduplication of monosyllabic verbs in Fuling dialect from the rhetoric point of view, this paper firstly proves theoretically that verb reduplication has descriptive function, and there is significant difference between description and narration. Descriptive function can be realized by means of vivid form "de" and syllable extension, tone change and so on. Verb reduplication also has subjective evaluation and emotion. On the basis of this, the types and rhetorical functions of monosyllabic Verb Reduplication in Fuling dialect are investigated comprehensively. With the help of "de" and syllable extension, tone change and modal particles, monosyllabic Verb Reduplication in Fuling dialect can be freely used as descriptive predicate and adverbial. The function of overlapping is not to describe an event, but to describe the state of an action. There are four main types of adverbial forms: V_2P of V_1V_1, V_2P of V_1V_1V_1V_1, V_2P of V_1-V_1, V_2P of V_1-V_1 and V_2P of V_1-V_1V_1. While describing the state of action, it is often accompanied by negative emotional experience due to the increase of quantity; in the third form, the action is exaggerated by the extension of the first syllable and the change of tone, and the subjective experience of the speaker is expressed; in the fourth form, the combination of the second and the third forms has the strongest description of action and subjectivity. In addition, monosyllabic verbs can also form overlapping forms such as "V" or "V should (not) V", "V should rise from V" or "V inverted from V".
【作者单位】：长江师范学院文学与新闻学院;
【分类号】：H17

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