类别验证任务中否定加工的ERP研究

发布时间：2018-08-24 12:25

【摘要】：有研究提出了否定加工的两阶段模拟假说,认为否定加工的第一阶段是模拟被否定的状态,第二阶段是整合否定以模拟真实状态.为了对该假说进行检验,本研究采用ERP技术探讨了20名被试完成类别验证任务时的脑内时程动态变化.任务有4种条件:肯定类别对(例如,蔬菜-白菜),肯定无关对(例如,蔬菜-蜜蜂),否定类别对(例如,蔬菜-蜜蜂)和否定无关对(例如,蔬菜-白菜).其中类别上画有一横线表示"不是该类别的事物",例如,蔬菜表示"不是蔬菜".结果表明,否定类别对比否定无关对和肯定类别对都引发了更负的N400,这说明,否定加工中建立了被否定状态的表征,支持了两阶段模拟假说.此外,肯定类别对比否定类别对引发了更正的LPC,这一结果揭示了两阶段模拟假说中第二阶段即整合否定模拟真实状态的神经机制.可能是因为肯定类别关系的加工涉及再认和记忆信息的提取,而否定类别关系的加工如两阶段模拟假说所预期的包含两个阶段,涉及推理过程,因而前者比后者引发了更正的LPC.
[Abstract]:In order to test the hypothesis, ERP technique was used to explore the brain temporal changes of 20 subjects when they completed the task of category verification. There are four conditions: positive category pairs (e.g. vegetable-cabbage), positive unrelated pairs (e.g., vegetable-bee), negative category pairs (e.g., vegetable-bee) and negative unrelated pairs (e.g., vegetable-cabbage). Negative unrelated pairs and affirmative category pairs both lead to a more negative N400, which indicates that the representations of the negated state are established in the negative processing and support the two-stage simulation hypothesis. In addition, affirmative category comparison and negative category pairs lead to corrected LPCs. This result reveals the second stage of the two-stage simulation hypothesis, i.e. the integrated negative simulation of the real situation. Possibly because the processing of affirmative categorical relations involves recognition and retrieval of memory information, and the processing of negative categorical relations, as anticipated by the two-stage simulation hypothesis, involves two stages of reasoning, thus triggering a corrected LPC.
【作者单位】：西南大学心理学院认知与人格教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(批准号:30900408) “211”工程国家重点学科建设项目(批准号:NSKD08017)资助
【分类号】：H0

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