现代汉语商业隐语研究

发布时间：2018-08-30 09:58

【摘要】：汉语隐语是汉语词汇系统的组成部分，也是汉民族共同语的词汇来源之一。对汉语隐语进行研究不仅有助于我们认识其隐秘性的本质特征，而且有助于我们认识其词汇结构与造词规律。本文以20世纪以来的现代汉语商业隐语为语料，建立现代汉语商业基本隐语语料库和现代汉语商业数词隐语语料库，运用文献资料与田野调查、定量分析与定性分析、语言学与社会学、宏观与微观相结合等研究方法，分别对汉语商业基本隐语和数词隐语进行较为全面地研究。本研究多为创新型研究。首先，剖析汉语隐语的结构与造词，把握汉语隐语结构与造词的一般性特点和特殊性规律，构建汉语隐语的结构与造词法体系；其次，通过对具体汉语商业隐语词条的造词理据分析观察其造词理据的多元性，并对部分隐语辞书中的商业隐语词条进行校勘；第三，对于仍在使用的活隐语“调侃子”的田野调查，通过对其性质、语域、使用主体等要素的分析，认为“调侃子”实为两种功用不同的隐语，并通过隐语表层的使用情况透视深层的社会、文化信息等；第四，对《全国各界切口大词典》进行较为全面的研究，包括该词典的内容、版本、著作者与使用地域考辨、语言学价值等。本文包括八个部分：第一章为绪论。本章主要介绍汉语隐语的性质及称谓，并对隐语与相关社会方言现象进行区分，通过隐语内涵与本质特征的分析，廓清学界对诸多概念的混同；划分汉语隐语研究的历史分期，并对各时期汉语隐语研究进行综述；界定商业隐语的性质、作用，介绍商业隐语研究概况、选题的语料来源、研究价值、研究方案、研究方法等。第二章为现代汉语商业基本隐语行业概貌。根据行业分类，汉语商业基本隐语共分为衣着、饮食、加工制造、建筑、医药、瓷器古玩、典当金融、其他、工商业通用等九大类，并对各类商业基本隐语进行概要性介绍。第三章为现代汉语商业基本隐语结构和造词研究。本章是论文的核心内容之一，共分为三部分：第一节分析了汉语商业基本隐语的结构，重点分析了隐语的特殊式结构；第二、三两节分析了汉语商业基本隐语的造词法，重点分析了声音造词法、文字造词法、截取造词法、意义造词法等四大造词法的分类与规律。通过对汉语商业基本隐语结构与造词的研究，全面了解和把握汉语隐语结构和造词的一般性和特殊性规律，从而建立起对汉语隐语的客观、真实、全面的科学认识。第四章为现代汉语商业数词隐语研究。本章与第三章共同构成论文的核心内容，首先通过行业和地域分布，了解汉语商业数词隐语的概貌及相关社会、文化讯息，然后对汉语商业数词隐语的造词进行分析与归纳，并总结出汉语数词隐语五大造词法：语音造词法、文字造词法、截取造词法、意义造词法、文化任意指代造词法。第五章为现代汉语隐语个案“调侃子”研究。“调侃子”是本文从田野调查中获得的正在使用着的活隐语语料，其名下实为两种不同的汉语隐语，“汉侃子”是汉族社会少数人所运用的游戏类隐语，“回侃子”是回族社会所运用的商业隐语。第六章为《全国各界切口大词典》研究。该项研究填补了《全国各界切口大词典》历史上无研究的空白。本文从宏观的角度对该词典的内容和版本进行了全面介绍，并概括说明了该词典所蕴含的巨大语言学、社会学价值，并对其进行了使用地域、著作者等有关问题的考辨。第七章为现代汉语商业隐语造词理据分析及辞书勘误。本章分为两节：汉语基本隐语造词理据分析与汇释、隐语辞书中部分商业隐语词条勘误。第一节对前贤时修未分析过的商业隐语进行造词理据的分析与汇释，第二节从理据分析的角度对部分隐语类辞书相关商业隐语词条进行词形、引用、释义、理据分析等方面的校勘工作。第八章为结语。通过对20世纪以来汉语商业隐语的研究，我们认为：一、汉语隐语是汉语词汇系统的有机组成，也是汉语共同语词汇的重要来源之一；二、普通的汉语隐语结构和造词体现了其作为汉语词汇的一般性特点，而其独特的结构和造词不仅体现了汉语隐语的个性，也体现了汉语词汇的复杂性与多元性；三、汉语隐语由隐秘走向公开，是使用泛化的结果，该种情况表明汉语隐语不仅本身反映着一定的社会和文化现象，其动态性的表现也反映着词汇与社会、文化间的互动；四、总结了汉语隐语研究的时代性、理据探求等方面所存在的难点问题，以及目前隐语研究中存在的、亟待改善的现状问题，，并预测了汉语隐语研究未来的发展方向等。
[Abstract]:Chinese argot is an integral part of Chinese vocabulary system and one of the vocabulary sources of the common language of the Han nationality.The study of Chinese argot is not only helpful for us to understand the essential characteristics of its concealment, but also helpful for us to understand its vocabulary structure and word-building rules. This paper sets up the modern Chinese commercial basic argot corpus and the modern Chinese commercial numeral argot corpus, uses the literature material and the field investigation, the quantitative analysis and the qualitative analysis, the linguistics and the sociology, the macroscopic and the microscopic Union and so on research methods, separately carries on the more comprehensive research to the Chinese commercial basic argot and the numeral argot. Firstly, it analyzes the structure and word-making of Chinese argot, grasps the general characteristics and particularity of Chinese argot structure and word-building, and constructs the structure and word-building system of Chinese argot. Secondly, it analyzes the motivation of word-building of specific Chinese commercial argot entries, and observes the diversity of the motivation of word-building, and part of them. Third, through the field investigation of the living cryptic "joker" still in use, through the analysis of its nature, register and the main body of use, it is concluded that "joker" is actually two cryptic words with different functions, and through the use of cryptic surface to penetrate deep social and cultural information. Fourthly, the author makes a comprehensive study of the National Dictionary of Incisions, including its contents, editions, textual research on the author and the region of use, and linguistic value.
This article consists of eight parts.
The first chapter is the introduction. This chapter mainly introduces the nature and appellation of Chinese argot, and distinguishes it from other social dialects. Through the analysis of the connotation and essential characteristics of argot, it clarifies the confusion of many concepts in academic circles, divides the historical stages of the study of Chinese argot, and summarizes the study of Chinese argot in different periods. This paper introduces the nature and function of the commercial argot, the general situation of the research, the source of the selected topic, the research value, the research scheme and the research method.
The second chapter is the general situation of modern Chinese commercial basic argot industry.According to the industry classification, Chinese commercial basic argot can be divided into nine categories: clothing, diet, processing and manufacturing, construction, medicine, porcelain antiques, pawn finance, others, general use of industry and commerce.
Chapter three is the study of the structure and word-formation of the basic commercial argot in modern Chinese.This chapter is one of the core contents of the thesis and is divided into three parts.The first section analyzes the structure of the basic commercial argot in Chinese and the special structure of the argot. Through the study of the basic structure and word-formation of Chinese commercial cryptography, this paper comprehensively understands and grasps the generality and particularity of the structure and word-formation of Chinese cryptography, and thus establishes an objective, true and comprehensive scientific understanding of Chinese cryptography.
Chapter Four is the study of commercial numeral cryptography in modern Chinese. This chapter and Chapter Three constitute the core content of the thesis. First, through the industry and geographical distribution, we can understand the general situation of Chinese commercial numeral cryptography and related social and cultural information. Then we can analyze and summarize the formation of Chinese commercial numeral cryptography, and summarize the Chinese numeral cryptography. Five major word-formation methods: phonetic word-formation, word-formation, interception word-formation, meaning word-formation, culture refers to word-formation at will.
Chapter Five is the case study of the modern Chinese hermit, which is a living hermit corpus obtained from the fieldwork in this paper. It is actually two different kinds of Chinese hermits under its name. "Hankanzi" is a game-like hermit used by minorities in the Han society and "Huikanzi" is a merchant used in the Hui society. Karmic language.
Chapter Six is the study of the Great Dictionary of Incisions from All walks of life in China.This study fills in the blank in the history of the Great Dictionary of Incisions from All walks of life in China.This paper gives a comprehensive introduction to the contents and editions of the dictionary from a macroscopic point of view,and outlines the great linguistic and sociological value of the dictionary. Region, author and other related questions.
The seventh chapter is the motivation analysis and lexicographical correction of modern Chinese commercial argots. This chapter is divided into two sections: the motivation analysis and lexicographical interpretation of basic Chinese argots, and the errors of some commercial argots in the argots. From the angle of view, this paper carries out the collation work on the morphology, citation, interpretation, motivation analysis and so on.
Chapter 8 is the conclusion. Through the study of Chinese commercial argot since the 20th century, we believe that: first, Chinese argot is an organic component of the Chinese vocabulary system, but also an important source of Chinese common language vocabulary; second, the common Chinese argot structure and word-making reflect its general characteristics as Chinese vocabulary, and its unique structure. And word formation not only reflects the individuality of Chinese implicit language, but also reflects the complexity and plurality of Chinese vocabulary. Third, Chinese implicit language from secret to public is the result of generalization. This situation shows that Chinese implicit language not only reflects certain social and cultural phenomena, but also reflects the dynamic performance of vocabulary and society, culture. Fourthly, it summarizes the difficulties in the study of Chinese argot in terms of its epochal nature and motivation, as well as the problems in the study of Chinese argot that need to be improved urgently, and predicts the future direction of the study of Chinese argot.
【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136

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