中英文言语幽默的跨文化分析

发布时间：2018-09-05 10:13

【摘要】：起初，幽默的研究只限于美学、心理学、社会学及哲学领域。随着时代的进步，幽默在交际中起着越来越重要的作用，，不少语言学家发现可以借助语言学理论解释幽默的生成机制。近年来，随着全球化的发展，世界各国之间的交流越来越频繁。不同的国家有不同的文化背景，由此带来的文化冲突与碰撞也越来越明显。由于文化背景的不同，中西方幽默也往往大异其趣。幽默不仅是一种娱乐手段，也是文化的一种特殊载体。它覆盖了社会生活的方方面面，在人际交往中发挥着无可替代的作用。然而，目前对幽默的研究，很少从文化的视角切入。著名学者林语堂曾指出：幽默能带我们进入文化理解的深层境界。中文幽默背后蕴含的是中国文化，而英文幽默承载的是西方文化。对于幽默的文化研究显得日益迫切。本研究正是从文化的视角研究幽默，旨在研究文化对幽默理解的影响，以及中英文言语幽默背后的文化蕴含。在跨文化交流中，人们之所以不能有效地理解幽默，除却某些语言因素外，更大的原因在于没有接收到幽默背后的文化信息。幽默已渗透到人们社会生活的方方面面，所以本研究的语料来源广泛，包括书籍、杂志、报纸、网络等。本研究选取了有代表性的中英文言语幽默各15篇进行对比分析，主要探讨了幽默产生的原因、文化因素对幽默理解的影响、中英文言语幽默背后的文化因素的不同点以及幽默的作用等问题，旨在揭示幽默的文化内涵及其在幽默理解中的作用。本研究发现幽默效果的产生跟文化有很大关联，文化是幽默的来源，文化因素对幽默的理解有很大的影响，这些影响主要表现在文字的技巧性应用、传统信仰、历史事件、民族心理和社会习俗五个方面。幽默具有娱乐、社会和文化的功能。娱乐功能是幽默最基本的功能，即幽默向人们提供快乐，使人发笑和放松。幽默的社会功能，即在社会交往中幽默充当润滑剂的作用缩短人们之间的距离，促进人际交往，营造和谐的人际关系。幽默的文化功能，即幽默能向人们传递文化信息，能作为学习文化的途径，促进国家之间的文化交流。本研究的研究意义在于幽默中的文化因素对跨文化交际、外语教学及外语学习的作用。文化交流的发展要求人们学习更多其他国家的文化知识，言语幽默作为一种特殊的阅读材料，能够在外语教学及外语学习中起到特殊的作用。它能够活跃课堂气氛，提高学生学习的兴趣和主动性，帮助学生在轻松愉快的环境中学习到文化知识。
[Abstract]:Initially, the study of humor was confined to the fields of aesthetics, psychology, sociology and philosophy. With the development of the times, humor plays a more and more important role in communication. Many linguists find that humor can be explained by linguistic theory. In recent years, with the development of globalization, exchanges between countries in the world are becoming more and more frequent. Different countries have different cultural backgrounds, the resulting cultural conflicts and collisions are becoming more and more obvious. Due to the different cultural backgrounds, Chinese and Western humor is often very different. Humor is not only a means of entertainment, but also a special carrier of culture. It covers all aspects of social life and plays an irreplaceable role in interpersonal communication. However, the current study of humor, rarely from a cultural perspective. Lin Yutang, a famous scholar, once pointed out that humor can lead us into the deep realm of cultural understanding. Chinese humor contains Chinese culture, while English humor carries western culture. It is increasingly urgent to study the culture of humor. The purpose of this study is to study the influence of culture on the understanding of humor and the cultural implication behind verbal humor in both Chinese and English. In cross-cultural communication, the reason why people can not understand humor effectively, apart from some linguistic factors, is that they do not receive the cultural information behind humor. Humor has permeated all aspects of people's social life, so the corpus of this study is from a wide range of sources, including books, magazines, newspapers, the Internet and so on. In this study, 15 typical Chinese and English verbal humor were selected for comparative analysis. The main purpose of this study was to explore the causes of humor and the influence of cultural factors on the understanding of humor. In order to reveal the cultural connotation of humor and its role in the understanding of humor, the cultural factors behind the verbal humor in English and Chinese are different and the functions of humor are discussed. This study finds that the effect of humor is closely related to culture. Culture is the source of humor, and cultural factors have a great influence on the understanding of humor. These influences are mainly reflected in the technical application of words, traditional beliefs, historical events, etc. National psychology and social customs in five aspects. Humor has entertainment, social and cultural functions. Entertainment is the most basic function of humor, that is, humor provides happiness, makes people laugh and relax. The social function of humor, that is, the role of humor as lubricant in social communication, shortens the distance between people, promotes interpersonal communication, and builds harmonious interpersonal relationship. The cultural function of humor, that is, humor can convey cultural information to people, as a way to learn culture and promote cultural exchange between countries. The significance of this study lies in the effects of cultural factors in humor on intercultural communication, foreign language teaching and foreign language learning. The development of cultural exchange requires people to learn more cultural knowledge from other countries. As a special reading material, verbal humor can play a special role in foreign language teaching and learning. It can enliven classroom atmosphere, enhance students' interest and initiative in learning, and help students to learn cultural knowledge in a relaxed and pleasant environment.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H0-05

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