概念语法隐喻的认知视角

发布时间：2018-10-07 17:32

【摘要】：系统功能语言学和认知语言学同属功能主义阵营,在隐喻这个涉及对经验世界的认知识解和语言体现或表征的问题上虽然有不同的研究思路和侧重点,但总的说来,后者的理论和成果是对前者的研究的有益和必要的补充。概念语法隐喻主要关注一致式和隐喻式的"概念"、"语法"和"隐喻"内涵,认知隐喻理论则从思维或者识解方式这个层面就各自关注的隐喻现象提供了统一的解释,并指出概念语法隐喻现象很多都是后者的实体隐喻促成的。关于名物化,系统功能语言学关注该现象及其扩展意义的潜势,而认知语言学则从范畴原型和突显的视角,得出名词的范畴原型是物体,所侧重的是事物,为名物化现象提供了认知基础或者是本体论的认识和依据。最后,关于主语的选择,认知语言学的认知语法识解观为系统功能语言学的及物过程小句的参与者、过程和环境成分的非常规(隐喻式)使用提供了认知解释:主语的选择是焦点突显问题;或者从更广的意义上说,不同的小句结构侧重的是识解的经验现象中不同的部分或者关系。
[Abstract]:Both systemic functional linguistics and cognitive linguistics belong to the functionalist camp. Metaphor, which involves cognitive interpretation and linguistic representation or representation of the experiential world, has different approaches and emphases, but generally speaking, it is not the same. The theory and achievement of the latter is a useful and necessary supplement to the former research. Conceptual grammatical metaphor mainly focuses on the "concept", "grammar" and "metaphor" of consistency and metaphor, while cognitive metaphor theory provides a unified explanation of the metaphorical phenomena concerned by them from the perspective of thinking or understanding. It also points out that many of the conceptual grammatical metaphors are caused by the latter's substantive metaphors. On nominalization, systemic functional linguistics pays close attention to the potential of this phenomenon and its extended meaning, while cognitive linguistics, from the perspective of category archetype and prominence, concludes that the category prototype of nouns is an object and the emphasis is on things. It provides cognitive basis or ontological basis for nominalization. Finally, with regard to the choice of subject, the cognitive grammatical interpretation of cognitive linguistics is a participant in transitive process clauses of systemic functional linguistics. The unconventional (metaphorical) use of process and environmental components provides a cognitive explanation: the choice of subject is the focus of salience, or, in a broader sense, Different clause structures focus on different parts or relationships in the empirical phenomenon of interpretation.
【作者单位】：南京国际关系学院;
【分类号】：H05

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