带趋向动词“来”和“去”的连动结构的生成研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 17:49

【摘要】：趋向动词是现代汉语中的一个小类,来和去是其中很重要的两个词。它们可以作谓语也可以作补语,它们既能表示趋向意义,又能表示引申意义。趋向动词来和去可以与其它动词结合在一起,构成连动结构。在生成语法框架下,作者试图对趋向动词来和去在连动结构中的句法特征以及来结构和去结构的生成进行详细地分析,并对他们在句中的位置提供一个统一的解释。本文作者运用生成语法中的相关原则,阐释了连动词的线性次序,趋向动词来和去的位置。论文首先回顾了研究趋向动词来和去的现状。众多学者认为,连动结构中的来和去可以放在其它动词的前面或后面,不会影响句子的意思。但是也有部分学者认为,趋向动词来和去放在不同的位置,句子的结构和意思也不同。基于先前的研究,本文作者根据空语类在汉语中的分类及分布特征,发现带来和去的连动结构中存在空语类PRO和pro.根据轻动词理论,作者分析了趋向动词来和去的三种结构：V+lai/qu+O, V+O+lai/qu, and O+V+lai/qu通过探讨这三种结构的生成过程,作者发现存在空语类的连动结构中,来和去可以与其它动词合并。通过移动和合并,趋向动词来和去在句中的位置很灵活,可以放在其它动词的前面或后面,而不会影响句子的意义。论文由四个主要章节组成。第一章阐述了语言学家对趋向动词来和去的位置的不同看法,讨论了已有研究中不同学者的不同观点,并在此基础上提出了本文的研究思路。第二章陈述了论文的理论框架。第三章简介了连动结构和趋向动词,包括趋向动词来和去。来和去的用法可以简单地分为两大类：趋向和非趋向。本文主要涉及了趋向性的用法。本章还详细地阐述了趋向动词来和去在连动结构中的基本句法特征。第四章分析了来和去结构中的空语类和带趋向动词来和去的连动结构的生成过程。
[Abstract]:The directional verb is a subclass in modern Chinese, of which come and go are two very important words. They can be predicates or complements. They can express both directional and extended meanings. Directional verbs come and go can be combined with other verbs to form a contiguous structure. In the framework of generative grammar, the author attempts to analyze in detail the syntactic characteristics of the directional verbs in the contiguous structure and the generation of the syntactic and destructional structures, and to provide a unified explanation of their position in the sentence. Using the principles of generative grammar, the author explains the linear order, the position of the direction verb and the direction verb. First of all, the paper reviews the current situation of research on directional verbs to come and go. Many scholars believe that the coming and going in the linked verb structure can be placed before or after the other verbs and will not affect the meaning of the sentence. However, some scholars believe that the directional verb comes and goes in different positions, and the sentence structure and meaning are also different. Based on previous studies, based on the classification and distribution of empty classes in Chinese, the author finds that there are empty classes PRO and pro. in the contiguous structure brought about and gone. According to the theory of light verb, the author analyzes three kinds of structures of directional verb to come and go: by discussing the process of producing these three kinds of structures, the author finds that there is a continuous structure of empty category. Come and go can be combined with other verbs. By moving and merging, the directional verb to and to the position in the sentence is flexible and can be placed before or after other verbs without affecting the meaning of the sentence. The paper consists of four main chapters. In the first chapter, we discuss the different views of linguists on the location of directional verbs, discuss the different viewpoints of different scholars in previous studies, and put forward the research ideas of this paper. The second chapter describes the theoretical framework of the paper. The third chapter introduces the connective structure and the directional verb, including the directional verb come and go. The use of come and go can be simply divided into two main categories: trend and non-trend. This article mainly deals with the usage of tendency. This chapter also elaborates the basic syntactic features of directional verbs in connective structures. In chapter 4, we analyze the generation process of the empty class and the conjunctive structure with the direction verb coming and going in the coming and destruct structure.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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