诺贝尔奖获奖感言的语类分析

发布时间：2018-10-12 11:53

【摘要】：语类分析作为语言学领域的一个热门话题，对语类的研究也逐渐从对语篇的表层描述转向对语篇的宏观结构和交际意图进行深层次的阐述。而随着人们社交领域的拓宽，演讲也成为人类社交活动以及工作中不可或缺的一个部分。本篇论文研究选取诺贝尔获奖感言作为语料进行语类分析。本文以Swales和Bhatia的语类分析模式为基础，结合Hasan的语类潜势结构理论，从诺贝尔奖官方网站下载50篇获奖演说，涉及诺贝尔物理学奖、化学奖、医学奖、经济学奖以及文学奖，运用定性和定量分析的方法，确定交际目的，得到诺贝尔奖获奖演说的“语步步骤”结构。全文共分五章。第一章概述研究背景、研究问题以及研究意义。第二章介绍了与本文研究相关的几个重要概念，并回顾了语类分析在国内外的发展状况。第三章首先阐述理论框架，介绍了本文研究所采用的Hasan的语类结构潜势理论以及Swales和Bhatia的语类分析模式；同时详细介绍了本文的研究方法。第四章以第三章的理论和研究方法为基础，对选取的语料进行语类结构的探讨。首先在体裁结构上，诺贝尔奖获奖感言主要遵循“4-语步”模式，即问候、引入话题、发展话题、结束演讲，其中语步3属于必要成分，其余语步为选择性成分；进一步细化分析后，本文得出对于从事属于自然科学范畴的物理学、化学和医学研究的演讲者来说，，语步2、3属于必要成分；而对于从事于社会科学范畴的经济学和从事人文科学范畴的文学的演讲者来说，语步3为必要成分，而语步2则是选择性成分；语步1、4在自然科学范畴的出现频率要高于其在社会科学和人文学科范畴的出现频率；其次，本文分析了诺贝尔奖获奖演说的每个步骤的语言实现和语言特征。第五章对本文的研究进行归纳总结，并指出本文研究不足之处以及本研究的发展方向。
[Abstract]:As a hot topic in the field of linguistics, the study of genre has gradually shifted from the surface description of the text to the deep elaboration of the macro-structure and communicative intention of the text. As people's social field widens, speech becomes an indispensable part of human social activities and work. In this thesis, the Nobel Prize-winning speech is selected as the corpus for genre analysis. Based on Swales and Bhatia's model of genre analysis and Hasan's theory of potential structure of language category, this paper downloads 50 speeches from the Nobel Prize official website, covering the Nobel Prize in Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Economics and Literature. By means of qualitative and quantitative analysis, the purpose of communication is determined, and the structure of the steps of the Nobel Prize-winning speech is obtained. The full text is divided into five chapters. The first chapter summarizes the research background, research issues and research significance. Chapter two introduces some important concepts related to this study and reviews the development of genre analysis at home and abroad. In the third chapter, the theoretical framework is introduced, including the potential theory of Hasan's category structure and the model of Swales and Bhatia's genre analysis, and the research methods of this paper are also introduced in detail. The fourth chapter is based on the theory and research methods of the third chapter, and discusses the lexical structure of the selected corpus. First of all, in the genre structure, the Nobel Prize award-winning speech mainly follows the "4- step" pattern, that is, greeting, introducing topic, developing topic and ending the speech, among which step 3 is an essential component, while the other steps are selective. After further detailed analysis, this paper concludes that for speakers who are engaged in physics, chemistry and medical research in the field of natural science, step 2 / 3 is a necessary component; For the speakers engaged in economics in social sciences and literature in humanities, step 3 is the necessary component, and step 2 is the selective component. The frequency of step 1 is higher in the category of natural science than in the field of social science and humanities. Secondly, this paper analyzes the language realization and linguistic characteristics of each step of Nobel Prize winning speech. The fifth chapter summarizes the research, and points out the deficiency of this study and the development direction of this study.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H04

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