“二”类词对比研究与偏误分析

发布时间：2018-10-14 09:05

【摘要】：在北京语言大学HSK语料库中,经常出现将“二”与“两”“俩”“2”、“两”与“双"等“二”类词混淆使用的情况,这种偏误在“二”与“两”、“两”与“双”的使用上表现得尤为明显。本文试图运用历时与共时、形式与意义相结合的方法对“二"类词作宏观的梳理并对其进行微观的分析,归纳出“二”类词在古今汉语、中外语言中语法、语义、语用上的不同,并在此基础上统计出留学生在使用“二”类词时所出现的偏误,分析偏误产生的原因,最后制定出相应的教学策略。本文分为五个部分：第一部分为绪论部分,主要对本文的缘起、课题的研究意义和价值、研究现状及依据的理论方法进行概述。第二部分是对“二"“两”“双”进行历史考察。第三部分主要对“二”“两”“双”在现代汉语中的分布状况作详尽的比较分析。这一部分是全文的重点。“二”“两”“双”在现代汉语中的用法比较复杂。从词性上来看,“二”具有数词、形容词性质,“两”具有数词、量词的性质,“双”具有量词、区别词的性质。它们两两交织,使得“二”与“两”、“两”与“双”在具体的运用中出现了纠结。“二”和“两”都具有数词的功能,但从搭配关系上来看,仍然存在着不同的语用环境,在数学运算、分数、序数等表达中只能用“二”不能用“两”而在概数的表达中只能用“两”不能用“二”。两者都可放在量词前,但在不同类别前,二者具有一定的选择性。两者也可以在某些相同的语境中出现,它们虽表意一致,但在语用上仍有不同,有些是语用习惯的不同,有些是语体色彩的不同。“两”和“双”具有共同的义项,都可以用来表成双成对的事物,所以两者有时候可以出现在同一语境中,置于名词前,比如“两手”“双手”、“两眼”“双眼”,但此时的“两”“双”语法意义有所不同,“两”是数词,重在计量,“双”是量词,重在强调非“单一”性,隐含有“相配成对”的意义。第四部分是对“二”类词使用的偏误现象及原因进行归纳总结,并制定出相应的教学策略。结语部分对以上问题进行了概括。
[Abstract]:In the HSK corpus of Beijing language and Culture University, the confusion between "two" and "two", "two" and "two" is often found in "two" and "two". The use of "two" and "double" is particularly obvious. This paper attempts to use diachronic, synchronic, form and meaning methods to sort out "two" words macroscopically and microscopically, and conclude the grammar and semantics of "two" words in ancient and modern Chinese, Chinese and foreign languages. On the basis of the differences in pragmatics, the errors in the use of "two" words by foreign students are analyzed, and the corresponding teaching strategies are worked out. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction part, mainly summarizes the origin of this paper, the research significance and value of the subject, the research status and the theoretical methods based on. The second part is the historical investigation of "two", "two" and "double". The third part makes a detailed comparative analysis of the distribution of "two" and "two" in modern Chinese. This part is the focus of the full text. The usage of "two" and "two" in modern Chinese is quite complicated. In terms of part of speech, "two" has numerals and adjectives, "two" has numerals and classifiers, and "double" has the properties of classifiers and differentiators. They are intertwined, making "two" and "two", "two" and "double" in the concrete application of entanglement. Both "two" and "two" have the function of numerals, but from the point of view of collocation, there are still different pragmatic environments. In ordinal expressions, only "two" can not be used "two", but in the expression of estimate "two" can only be used "two" can not be used "two". Both can be placed before quantifiers, but in different categories, they have certain selectivity. They can also appear in some same context. Although they have the same meanings, they are still different in pragmatics, some of them are different in pragmatic habits and some are different in style. "two" and "two" have the same meaning, which can be used to express things in pairs, so they can sometimes appear in the same context before nouns, such as "hands" and "eyes". But the grammatical meaning of "two" and "double" is different. "two" is numerals, emphasis is on measurement, "double" is quantifier, and emphasis is on non-" singularity ", implying the meaning of" matching ". In the fourth part, the author sums up the phenomenon and causes of the errors in the use of "two" words, and formulates the corresponding teaching strategies. The conclusion part summarizes the above problems.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136

【相似文献】