《学徒》中话轮转换机制的权势关系研究

发布时间：2018-11-02 18:51

【摘要】：真人秀节目是以电视媒体为介质来举办某一类别的比赛活动，最终获胜的参赛者可以获得丰厚的奖励。近年来，这种新颖的电视节目吸引了亿万观众且在东西方荧屏上获得了巨大成功。《学徒》又名《飞黄腾达》是一个求职类真人秀电视节目，每季选择14位来自美国各地的精英们竞逐一份年薪25万美元的工作。每一季做后的获胜的求职者将成为美国著名地产大王Donald Trump的徒弟，为Trump集团效力。本文从语言学角度，用Sacks, Schegloff和Jefferson提出的话轮转换机制为理论基础研究《学徒》中面试官和面试者在会议室中对话中的话轮转换策略的使用情况。本文主要有三个研究问题：一，分析《学徒》中话轮转换特点；二，，探讨面试官和面试者在话轮转换策略使用上的差异性；三，分析导致其差异性的原因特别是权势关系是如何影响其差异性的。在研究分析过程中运用了定量分析和定性分析相结合的方法。定量分析体现在用excel软件计算出求职者和面试官话轮转换策略的使用频率，用卡方检验计算出求职者和面试官在话轮转换策略使用上是否存在差异性。通过对面试官提问类型的频率分析权势关系是如何影响面试官和面试者在使用话轮转换策略的使用。定性研究体现在文中对每个问题都进行了案例分析。研究结果表明：在求职类真人秀电视节目中说话者采用了把持话轮，出让话轮和索取话轮策略。三种策略分布差别不大，这一数据有别于其他研究者的研究结果。面试官和面试者在话轮转换策略选择上存在显著性差异，面试官经常夺取话轮和出让话轮，而面试者多使用把持话轮策略。权势关系是导致面试官和面试者话轮转换策略存在差异的重要因素之一。
[Abstract]:The Reality Show program is a TV medium for a certain category of events, winning contestants can receive generous awards. In recent years, this novel television program has attracted hundreds of millions of viewers and achieved great success on Western and Eastern screens. Apprenticeship, also known as "soaring", is a job-seeking Reality Show TV show. Select 14 elites from across the United States to compete for a $250000 a-year job every quarter. Winning job seekers after each season will become apprentices to Donald Trump, the leading real estate magnate in the United States, working for the Trump Group. From the linguistic point of view, this paper studies the use of turn-switching strategies between interviewers and interviewees in the conference rooms on the theoretical basis of the turn-switching mechanism proposed by Sacks, Schegloff and Jefferson. There are three main research problems in this paper: first, analyzing the characteristics of turn-switching in Apprentice; second, discussing the differences between interviewers and interviewees in the use of turn-switching strategies; Third, analyze the cause of its difference, especially how the power relationship affects its difference. In the process of research and analysis, the method of combining quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis is used. Quantitative analysis is reflected in the calculation of the frequency of switching strategies between job seekers and interviewers by using excel software, and the differences between job seekers and interviewers in the use of turn-round strategies by chi-square test. By analyzing the frequency of interviewers' question types, the influence of power relationship on the use of turn-switching strategies between interviewers and interviewees is analyzed. The qualitative study is reflected in the case study of each problem in this paper. The results show that in the Reality Show TV programs, the speakers adopt the strategies of controlling, transferring and soliciting. The distribution of the three strategies varies little, and this data differs from the results of other researchers. There are significant differences between the interviewers and the interviewees in the choice of turn-switching strategies. Interviewers often seize the turn and transfer round, while the interviewees often use the control turn-round strategy. Power relationship is one of the important factors that lead to the differences between interviewers and interviewees.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G222;H109.4

【参考文献】