汉语动宾间“的”的语法研究

发布时间：2018-11-06 13:36

【摘要】：本文主要以汉语动宾间“的”为案例，从描写和解释的角度探讨“的”的性质归属以及“的”句时体、时制的来源。 “的”句中，“的”既可以位于句中，也可以位于句末。“V的O”句式在整个时制系统中，既有表达过去发生的事情的情况，也有表未来发生的事情的例子。在类似于“我是昨天看的书”中，“的”句有动作发生在过去的时间义，再加上过去时易生成形态标记，“的”容易被认为承担了“过去”的时间义，使其看起来像动态助词；“的”位于动宾之间，使其看起来是附着于动词之后，像词尾，，像结构助词；语气词的典型位置是句尾，使得句中“的”看起来不像语气词，但是经过描写发现语气词也可以位于句中甚至动词之后，并且在“我是昨天看的书”中，由于话题化的操作使得“的”位于句中。本文依据Goldberg的构式语法理论，认为“的”句可看作由过去时构式（[-ed]）、完成体构式（[have-en]）组成，因而“的”句的时态构式会具有时间意义。“的”的的时制、时体意义来源可以归结为“的”句所体现的构式的意义，而这些时间意义并不是由“的”来承担的。另外生成句法理论框架中所证实的语气词“的”范畴选择了具有时间意义的补足语的观点，也证明了“的”不是句式时间意义的承载者。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the author mainly discusses the nature and the origin of the tense and tense of the sentence from the angle of description and explanation. The "O" sentence of "V" can be located either in the sentence or at the end of the sentence. In the whole tense system, there are examples of what has happened in the past and what will happen in the future. In a book like "I read yesterday", "the sentence has the meaning of the past time, plus the past tense is easy to generate morphological marks," the "easy to be regarded as" the past "time meaning, so that it looks like a dynamic auxiliary;" "the" is located between the verb and object, so that it appears to attach to the verb, like the end of the word, like the structure of the auxiliary word; The typical position of a modal word is at the end of a sentence, so that the "modal" in the sentence does not look like a modal word, but after the description, it is found that the modal word can also be located after the sentence or even the verb, and in "I read yesterday's book." As a result of the operation of the topic, "the" is located in the sentence. According to Goldberg's construction grammar theory, this paper holds that the "sentence" can be regarded as composed of the past tense construction ([- ed]) and the complete aspect construction ([have-en]), so the tense construction of the "sentence" will have temporal significance. The meaning of tense and tense can be attributed to the meaning of construction embodied in the sentence of "Shi", which is not assumed by "Shi". In addition, the category of "mood word", which is confirmed in the framework of syntactic theory, chooses the complement with temporal meaning, and proves that "the" is not the bearer of the temporal meaning of the sentence pattern.
【学位授予单位】：安徽师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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