日本学生习得汉语方位词“上”偏误研究
发布时间：2018-11-06 19:10
【摘要】：方位词是人类认知世界必不可少的要素。在汉语和日语的语言表达中,方位词出现频率高,使用范围广,其语言功能不容忽视。日语的汉字传承于汉语,经过一千多年的发展,字义上与汉语出现了许多差异,所以日本学生习得方位词“上”容易产生偏误。 本文的偏误语料来自北京语言大学的HSK留学生高等作文语料库,部分日本学生的作文,以及部分论文中的偏误语料。本文对汉语和日语中的方位词“上”的对应性与非对应性进行研究,把日本学生习得汉语方位词时“上”出现的偏误情况作为研究对象,将偏误分为方位词的遗漏、方位词的冗余、方位词的替代等类型。然后通过分析找出了日本学生产生偏误的原因,包括母语负迁移、目的语知识泛化、文化因素、学习策略和交际策略、教学误导等方面。最后,在全面分析日本学生习得汉语方位词“上”的特点和偏误情况的基础上对对外汉语教学中方位词“上”提出教学策略,认为可以从同形词的角度针对日本学生的特性来进行有效教学,一是要减少母语负迁移对学生的影响,二是构建同形词的系统分析,三是加强汉日同形词研究的深度,四是编写专门的对日汉语词汇教学教材。
[Abstract]:Orientation is an essential element of human cognition of the world. In the language expression of Chinese and Japanese, azimuth words appear frequently and have a wide range of use, so their language functions can not be ignored. Japanese Chinese characters are inherited from Chinese. After more than one thousand years of development, there are many differences between Chinese and Japanese characters, so Japanese students are prone to errors in the acquisition of locative words. The errors in this paper come from the HSK Advanced composition Corpus of Beijing language and language University, the composition of some Japanese students, and the bias corpus of some papers. This paper studies the correspondence and non-correspondence of Chinese and Japanese azimuth words, and takes the errors that occur when Japanese students acquire Chinese azimuth words as the object of study, and divides the errors into the omissions of locative words. The redundancy of azimuth words, the substitution of azimuth words, etc. Then the causes of errors in Japanese students are analyzed, including negative transfer of mother tongue, generalization of target language knowledge, cultural factors, learning strategies and communication strategies, teaching misleading and so on. Finally, on the basis of analyzing the characteristics and errors of Japanese students' acquisition of Chinese locative words, this paper puts forward the teaching strategy of locative words "Shang" in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. From the perspective of homomorphism, the author thinks that effective teaching can be carried out according to the characteristics of Japanese students. One is to reduce the influence of negative transfer of mother tongue on students, the other is to construct a systematic analysis of homographs, and third, to strengthen the depth of the research on homographs in China and Japan. Fourth, compile special teaching materials for Chinese vocabulary teaching to Japan.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195
本文编号：2315198
[Abstract]:Orientation is an essential element of human cognition of the world. In the language expression of Chinese and Japanese, azimuth words appear frequently and have a wide range of use, so their language functions can not be ignored. Japanese Chinese characters are inherited from Chinese. After more than one thousand years of development, there are many differences between Chinese and Japanese characters, so Japanese students are prone to errors in the acquisition of locative words. The errors in this paper come from the HSK Advanced composition Corpus of Beijing language and language University, the composition of some Japanese students, and the bias corpus of some papers. This paper studies the correspondence and non-correspondence of Chinese and Japanese azimuth words, and takes the errors that occur when Japanese students acquire Chinese azimuth words as the object of study, and divides the errors into the omissions of locative words. The redundancy of azimuth words, the substitution of azimuth words, etc. Then the causes of errors in Japanese students are analyzed, including negative transfer of mother tongue, generalization of target language knowledge, cultural factors, learning strategies and communication strategies, teaching misleading and so on. Finally, on the basis of analyzing the characteristics and errors of Japanese students' acquisition of Chinese locative words, this paper puts forward the teaching strategy of locative words "Shang" in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. From the perspective of homomorphism, the author thinks that effective teaching can be carried out according to the characteristics of Japanese students. One is to reduce the influence of negative transfer of mother tongue on students, the other is to construct a systematic analysis of homographs, and third, to strengthen the depth of the research on homographs in China and Japan. Fourth, compile special teaching materials for Chinese vocabulary teaching to Japan.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195
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