来华预科留学生跨文化适应问题研究
发布时间：2018-11-12 16:33
【摘要】：随着世界经济的不断发展,国与国之间的交流日益频繁,除了政治、经济交流之外,文化交流也成为国家间交流的重要一环。每年中国都会派出大量的留学生、学者以及技术人员等赴海外学习交流,同时也吸引了大量的外国专家、留学生来中国学习深造,形成了一股来华学习的潮流,其中,预科留学生就是其中的一部分。 预科留学生具有其自身的特点,所以目前针对留学生研究的一些成果并不能完全适用于预科留学生。本论文正是以来华预科留学生这一特殊群体为研究对象,从预科留学生在华的社会文化适应状况、生活满意度以及所采用的适应策略这几方面进行调查分析。该研究对提高预科留学生的跨文化适应水平,促进中外文化交流具有重要意义。全文共分四章,主要内容如下： 1.介绍选题的背景、意义、前人研究的主要成果以及本文研究采用的主要方法。 2.对跨文化理论基础的阐述,共分为跨文化适应理论的发展以及影响跨文化适应的主要因素。 3.以山东大学国际教育学院的预科留学生为研究对象,以预科留学生在华的社会文化适应状况、生活满意度及采用的跨文化适应策略为主要研究问题,设计了旨在调查预科留学生的个人情况、社会文化适应状况的4种调查问卷并提出研究问题：(1)来华预科留学生在社会文化适应过程中主要存在哪些问题?是否存在个体差异?(2)社会文化适应与生活满意度是否存在相关性?(3)来华预科留学生在跨文化适应上采用的主要策略是什么?是否存在个体差异? 继而,利用SPSS17.0及Excel软件进行统计分析,对问卷1进行描述性分析,得出调查对象的年龄、性别以及国别的分布情况；对问卷2至问卷4进行效度分析,得出问卷的效度较好,适宜进行分析；接下来又利用相关性分析、方差分析等方法对问卷进行了进一步的研究。 4.根据研究结论,笔者给出相应的教学意见,同时,指出论文中存在的不足以及进一步研究的建议。笔者得出的结论主要有以下几点：(1)总体来看,预科留学生的跨文化适应能力良好,他们对中国的社会文化适应较好,同时对在华的生活较为满意；(2)来华预科留学生对社会文化比较适应的学生占大多数,其次是适应性一般与非常适应,被试者中没有很不适应和比较不适应的学生；被试者对社会文化适应只存在性别上的差异,且女生的适应性要比男生要强一些,在地域与年龄上没有什么差异；(3)社会文化适应与生活满意度存在较高的相关性；(4)来华预科留学生在适应的过程中侧重于整合策略、其次是分离策略、同化策略,选择用边缘化策略的人数最少,在使用跨文化适应策略上不存在年龄、性别、地域的差异。
[Abstract]:With the development of the world economy, the exchanges between countries are becoming more and more frequent. Besides the political and economic exchanges, cultural exchanges have also become an important part of the exchanges between countries. Every year, China sends a large number of overseas students, scholars and technicians to study and exchange overseas. At the same time, it also attracts a large number of foreign experts. Preparatory students are part of it. The foreign students in matriculation have their own characteristics, so the current research results can not be fully applied to the foreign students in matriculation. This paper takes the special group of overseas students who came to China as the research object to investigate and analyze the social and cultural adaptation, life satisfaction and adaptation strategies adopted by the preparatory students in China. This study is of great significance to improve the cross-cultural adaptation and promote the cultural exchange between Chinese and foreign students. The full text is divided into four chapters, the main contents are as follows: 1. This paper introduces the background and significance of the topic, the main achievements of previous studies and the main methods used in this study. 2. The theoretical basis of cross-cultural adaptation is divided into the development of cross-cultural adaptation theory and the main factors affecting cross-cultural adaptation. 3. Taking the international preparatory students from the School of International Education of Shandong University as the research object, taking the social and cultural adaptation, life satisfaction and cross-cultural adaptation strategies adopted by the preparatory students in China as the main research questions. Designed to investigate the personal situation of overseas students in matriculation, social and cultural adaptation of the four questionnaires and put forward research questions: (1) what are the main problems in the process of social and cultural adaptation? Is there an individual difference? (2) is there a correlation between social and cultural adaptation and life satisfaction? (3) what are the main strategies adopted by overseas students in China on cross-cultural adaptation? Are there individual differences? Then, using SPSS17.0 and Excel software to carry on the statistical analysis, carries on the descriptive analysis to the questionnaire 1, obtains the survey object's age, the gender as well as the country distribution situation; The validity of questionnaire 2 to 4 is analyzed and the validity of the questionnaire is good, which is suitable for analysis. Then, further research on the questionnaire is carried out by means of correlation analysis and variance analysis. 4. According to the conclusion of the study, the author gives the corresponding teaching suggestions, and points out the shortcomings of the paper and the suggestions for further study. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) on the whole, the overseas students of matriculation have a good ability of cross-cultural adaptation, they have better social and cultural adaptation to China, and they are more satisfied with their life in China at the same time; (2) the majority of the students who came to China to adapt to the social culture, followed by the adaptability of the general and very adaptable, there are no students who are not adapted and relatively inadaptable; There were only gender differences in the sociocultural adaptation of the subjects, and the adaptability of girls was stronger than that of boys, and there was no difference in region and age. (3) there was a high correlation between sociocultural adaptation and life satisfaction. (4) in the process of adaptation, the overseas students in China focused on integration strategy, followed by separation strategy, assimilation strategy, the number of people who chose marginalizing strategy was the least, and there was no age or gender in the use of cross-cultural adaptation strategy. Geographical differences.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195
本文编号：2327605
[Abstract]:With the development of the world economy, the exchanges between countries are becoming more and more frequent. Besides the political and economic exchanges, cultural exchanges have also become an important part of the exchanges between countries. Every year, China sends a large number of overseas students, scholars and technicians to study and exchange overseas. At the same time, it also attracts a large number of foreign experts. Preparatory students are part of it. The foreign students in matriculation have their own characteristics, so the current research results can not be fully applied to the foreign students in matriculation. This paper takes the special group of overseas students who came to China as the research object to investigate and analyze the social and cultural adaptation, life satisfaction and adaptation strategies adopted by the preparatory students in China. This study is of great significance to improve the cross-cultural adaptation and promote the cultural exchange between Chinese and foreign students. The full text is divided into four chapters, the main contents are as follows: 1. This paper introduces the background and significance of the topic, the main achievements of previous studies and the main methods used in this study. 2. The theoretical basis of cross-cultural adaptation is divided into the development of cross-cultural adaptation theory and the main factors affecting cross-cultural adaptation. 3. Taking the international preparatory students from the School of International Education of Shandong University as the research object, taking the social and cultural adaptation, life satisfaction and cross-cultural adaptation strategies adopted by the preparatory students in China as the main research questions. Designed to investigate the personal situation of overseas students in matriculation, social and cultural adaptation of the four questionnaires and put forward research questions: (1) what are the main problems in the process of social and cultural adaptation? Is there an individual difference? (2) is there a correlation between social and cultural adaptation and life satisfaction? (3) what are the main strategies adopted by overseas students in China on cross-cultural adaptation? Are there individual differences? Then, using SPSS17.0 and Excel software to carry on the statistical analysis, carries on the descriptive analysis to the questionnaire 1, obtains the survey object's age, the gender as well as the country distribution situation; The validity of questionnaire 2 to 4 is analyzed and the validity of the questionnaire is good, which is suitable for analysis. Then, further research on the questionnaire is carried out by means of correlation analysis and variance analysis. 4. According to the conclusion of the study, the author gives the corresponding teaching suggestions, and points out the shortcomings of the paper and the suggestions for further study. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) on the whole, the overseas students of matriculation have a good ability of cross-cultural adaptation, they have better social and cultural adaptation to China, and they are more satisfied with their life in China at the same time; (2) the majority of the students who came to China to adapt to the social culture, followed by the adaptability of the general and very adaptable, there are no students who are not adapted and relatively inadaptable; There were only gender differences in the sociocultural adaptation of the subjects, and the adaptability of girls was stronger than that of boys, and there was no difference in region and age. (3) there was a high correlation between sociocultural adaptation and life satisfaction. (4) in the process of adaptation, the overseas students in China focused on integration strategy, followed by separation strategy, assimilation strategy, the number of people who chose marginalizing strategy was the least, and there was no age or gender in the use of cross-cultural adaptation strategy. Geographical differences.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195
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