现代汉语人称代词和NP组合式考察
发布时间：2018-11-15 09:39
【摘要】：指示现象在语言中广泛存在,频繁使用。在现代汉语中,用代词来指代重复出现的人或者事物,这在口语和书面语中都是非常普遍的,但并不是必须的。对于再次出现的人和事物,仍然可以重复使用这一名词。重复使用名词只是使语言在形式上不够精炼。这虽然不太符合语言的经济性,但有时能对名词本身所表述的内容加以强调,具有其独特的表达效果。 本文针对现代汉语中人称代词与指人名词的组合形式,按照组合的不同顺序,将该结构分为两类：“人称代词+NP”结构和“NP+人称代词”结构。从句法、语义、语用三个平面,采用描写与解释、语义分析、统计、替换等语言学方法,分析这两种基本结构在话语活动中的应用特点。本文认为组合式人称指示结构能够凸显说话人想要强调的某种主观意图,加强某种属性特征。 全文共分四章。 第一章,绪论,简要阐明了本文的研究目的、研究意义、范围和方法,说明语料的来源,介绍已有研究成果和侧重方向。本文针对人称代词和NP组合式进行考察,将该结构的两种类型“人称代词+NP”结构和“NP+人称代词”结构进行比较分析。其中“NP+人称代词”结构在前人的研究中较少涉及。 第二章是从句法功能平面分析汉语组合式人称指示的相关用法,分别从组合式人称指示结构的类型和句法分布这两方面入手。 我们首先对人称代词和NP结构中的名词性成分NP进行分类,分析不同类名词性成分与人称代词的组合特点。而后进一步对人称代词按照不同人称加以分类,分析各人称所体现出的不同规律,以及该结构在不同人称之间的不均等分布。 在句法分布方面,按照组合式人称指示在句子中充当的语法成分加以描述。该结构中的NP和人称代词可以充当主语、宾语等,这与一般的名词性成分相同。但是在充当双宾语时,体现出一定的限制性,这类组合结构不是我们研究的范围。 第三章是从语义特征上描写组合式人称指示结构,对结构中的名词性成分进行语义归类。本文认为组合式人称指示具有强调某种[+属性]语义特征的作用,具体在语境中可以表现为[+特指]、[+指别]、[+数量]等语义。在归类的基础上分析该结构中名词性成分与人称代词之间的关系,其中以复指关系和领属关系为主。偏正结构表示的领属关系占有数量上的优势。陈述关系结构出现在情况相对特殊的结构中,数量也不多。 第四章是考察汉语中组合式人称指示的语用功能。从参与话语活动的人物彼此间的地位关系入手,并分析某些有歧义的组合式人称指示产生的原因,而后对移情现象进行研究,分析不同人称之间的相互指代现象。 最后是结语,总结前四章的研究内容,给出结论。
[Abstract]:Deixis is widely used in language. In modern Chinese, pronouns are used to refer to people or things that appear repeatedly, which is very common in spoken and written language, but not necessary. The term can still be reused for people and things that appear again. The repeated use of nouns only makes the language less refined in form. Although this does not accord with the economy of language, sometimes it can emphasize the content of nouns themselves and have its unique expressive effect. Aiming at the combination of personal pronouns and nouns in modern Chinese, according to the different order of combination, the structure is divided into two categories: "personal pronoun NP" structure and "NP personal pronoun" structure. From the three planes of syntax, semantics and pragmatics, this paper analyzes the application characteristics of these two basic structures in discourse activities by using the linguistic methods of description and interpretation, semantic analysis, statistics and substitution. This paper argues that the combined personal deixis can highlight the subjective intention of the speaker and strengthen some attribute features. The full text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter, introduction, briefly explains the purpose, significance, scope and method of the research, explains the source of the corpus, and introduces the existing research results and the direction of emphasis. This paper investigates personal pronouns and NP combinations, and compares the two types of "personal pronouns NP" and "NP personal pronouns" structures. The "NP personal pronouns" structure is less involved in previous studies. The second chapter analyzes the relevant usage of Chinese combined person deixis from the syntactic functional plane, starting with the type and syntactic distribution of the combined personal deixis structure. First, we classify the nominal component NP in personal pronouns and NP structures, and analyze the combination characteristics of different types of nominal elements and personal pronouns. Then, the personal pronouns are classified according to different persons, and the different laws embodied by different persons are analyzed, and the unequal distribution of the structure among different persons is analyzed. In terms of syntactic distribution, the grammatical elements used in the sentence are described according to the combined person deixis. The NP and personal pronouns in this structure can act as subjects, objects, etc. However, when acting as a double object, there are some limitations, this kind of combinatorial structure is not the scope of our study. The third chapter describes the combined personal deixis from the semantic features and classifies the nominal elements in the structure. This paper holds that the combined person deixis has the function of emphasizing the semantic features of a certain [attribute], which can be expressed in the context as "specific", "quantity" and so on. On the basis of classification, the relationship between noun elements and personal pronouns in the structure is analyzed. The positive structure represents the dominance of the relationship in terms of quantity. The declarative relation structure appears in the relatively special structure, and the quantity is not much. Chapter four examines the pragmatic functions of combined personal deixis in Chinese. Starting with the status relationship between the characters involved in discourse activities and analyzing the causes of some ambiguous combined person deixis, this paper studies the phenomenon of empathy and analyzes the phenomenon of mutual reference between different persons. The last part is the conclusion, which summarizes the research contents of the first four chapters and gives the conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2332933
[Abstract]:Deixis is widely used in language. In modern Chinese, pronouns are used to refer to people or things that appear repeatedly, which is very common in spoken and written language, but not necessary. The term can still be reused for people and things that appear again. The repeated use of nouns only makes the language less refined in form. Although this does not accord with the economy of language, sometimes it can emphasize the content of nouns themselves and have its unique expressive effect. Aiming at the combination of personal pronouns and nouns in modern Chinese, according to the different order of combination, the structure is divided into two categories: "personal pronoun NP" structure and "NP personal pronoun" structure. From the three planes of syntax, semantics and pragmatics, this paper analyzes the application characteristics of these two basic structures in discourse activities by using the linguistic methods of description and interpretation, semantic analysis, statistics and substitution. This paper argues that the combined personal deixis can highlight the subjective intention of the speaker and strengthen some attribute features. The full text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter, introduction, briefly explains the purpose, significance, scope and method of the research, explains the source of the corpus, and introduces the existing research results and the direction of emphasis. This paper investigates personal pronouns and NP combinations, and compares the two types of "personal pronouns NP" and "NP personal pronouns" structures. The "NP personal pronouns" structure is less involved in previous studies. The second chapter analyzes the relevant usage of Chinese combined person deixis from the syntactic functional plane, starting with the type and syntactic distribution of the combined personal deixis structure. First, we classify the nominal component NP in personal pronouns and NP structures, and analyze the combination characteristics of different types of nominal elements and personal pronouns. Then, the personal pronouns are classified according to different persons, and the different laws embodied by different persons are analyzed, and the unequal distribution of the structure among different persons is analyzed. In terms of syntactic distribution, the grammatical elements used in the sentence are described according to the combined person deixis. The NP and personal pronouns in this structure can act as subjects, objects, etc. However, when acting as a double object, there are some limitations, this kind of combinatorial structure is not the scope of our study. The third chapter describes the combined personal deixis from the semantic features and classifies the nominal elements in the structure. This paper holds that the combined person deixis has the function of emphasizing the semantic features of a certain [attribute], which can be expressed in the context as "specific", "quantity" and so on. On the basis of classification, the relationship between noun elements and personal pronouns in the structure is analyzed. The positive structure represents the dominance of the relationship in terms of quantity. The declarative relation structure appears in the relatively special structure, and the quantity is not much. Chapter four examines the pragmatic functions of combined personal deixis in Chinese. Starting with the status relationship between the characters involved in discourse activities and analyzing the causes of some ambiguous combined person deixis, this paper studies the phenomenon of empathy and analyzes the phenomenon of mutual reference between different persons. The last part is the conclusion, which summarizes the research contents of the first four chapters and gives the conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 彭澎;“名数量”同位短语及其对外汉语教学分析[D];湖南师范大学;2013年
2 金瑜琳;汉韩人称代词和指人名词组合式对比[D];延边大学;2013年
，本文编号：2332933
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