语境概念的起源、定义及应用

发布时间：2018-11-15 15:32

【摘要】：语境作为语言学中的一个重要概念，由英国人类学家马林诺夫斯基正式提出。虽然语境概念的提出在语言学中的历史相对较短，但这一概念一直影响着人们对语言意义的解释，吸引了无数学者的关注，而且当今对语境的关注已远远超出了语言学这一单独领域，成为众多交叉学科研究的焦点之一。语境的作用非常重要，它不仅可以用来解释说话者所没有直接表达的含义，同时也可以用来排除句子歧义。离开具体的语境，对某些句子意义的理解几乎毫无可能。但截至目前为止，对语境的正式定义仍然没有达成共识，对语境内涵的厘定仍然存在许多不同的派别,对语境发挥作用的机制，，语言学界也是众说纷纭，各有长短。从其研究历程来看，西方的语境研究可追溯到远古的希腊罗马时期，中国可追溯到先秦诸子百家。但对其定义、构成、分类及作用机制的阐述仍然散落在个别著述中，对其研究缺乏广度和深度的思考，不成体系。为进一步加深对语境概念及其研究发展历程的了解，以及研究中存在着哪些理论问题，对语境研究做系统的总结显得十分必要。本研究采取文献比较分析法，旨在通过对对语言学领域关于语境研究的发展脉络进行梳理，比较分析不同时期不同学者对语境概念的解释、研究中的问题，及其研究贡献和研究局限。目的在于加深语境本质的认识，为进一步深入系统地研究提供文献和方法上的参考。
[Abstract]:Context, as an important concept in linguistics, was put forward by English anthropologist Ma Lin Novsky. Although the concept of context has a relatively short history in linguistics, it has always influenced the interpretation of language meaning and attracted the attention of countless scholars. Moreover, today's attention to context has gone far beyond linguistics as a single field and has become one of the focal points in many interdisciplinary studies. The role of context is very important. It can not only explain the meaning that the speaker does not express directly, but also can be used to eliminate the ambiguity of sentence. It is almost impossible to understand the meaning of certain sentences without specific context. However, up to now, there is still no consensus on the formal definition of context, and there are still many different schools of thought to determine the connotation of context. From the perspective of its research process, the study of western context can be traced back to ancient Greece and Rome, and China can be traced back to the hundred schools of thought in the Pre-Qin Dynasty. However, the definition, composition, classification and mechanism of action are still scattered in individual works. In order to further understand the concept of context and its development process, and what theoretical problems exist in the study, it is necessary to make a systematic summary of context research. The purpose of this study is to sort out the development of contextual studies in the field of linguistics and to compare and analyze the explanations and problems of contextual concepts made by different scholars in different periods. And its research contribution and limitations. The purpose is to deepen the understanding of the nature of context and to provide references for further and systematic study.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H030

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