汉韩否定词对比研究

发布时间：2018-11-22 11:27

【摘要】：汉语和韩语分属汉藏语系与阿尔泰语系。汉语是孤立语,基本没有形态变化；韩语是粘着语,会发生形态上的变化。因为历史、文化各方面的原因,汉语和韩语有着相类似的地方,也有许多不同之处。本文的选题源于笔者对汉语和韩语否定词的思考。汉语和韩语的否定词虽然不多,但是否定词在语言的使用中处于非常重要的位置。否定词的正确使用能更准确地表述主观和客观方面的要求与意愿。全面了解和掌握汉韩否定词的差异和用法,才能更有效地进行教学工作,才能更好地学好语言。我们以汉语和韩语否定词差异及用法为研究的对象,主要对韩语否定词“(?)”和汉语典型否定词“不,没(有)”进行对比分析,在对汉语和韩语否定词进行深入研究与分析的同时,全面地阐述和概括了汉韩否定词之间的异同及其用法。本文的主要内容有：第一部分是绪论。主要阐述本选题的研究目的和意义,研究方法和范围,以及本选题的研究现状；第二部分是汉韩否定词时间表现对比。包括汉韩语的时制体系,汉韩语否定词的时制体系等内容；第三部分是汉韩否定词的否定表现。主要从汉韩否定词的否定意义、形式分工、位置关系的对比入手分析汉韩否定词的异同。第四部分是汉韩否定词语义特征对比。分别从汉语否定词语义特征、韩语否定词的语义特征、汉韩否定词语义特征对比三个方面进行分析。第五部分是结语。总结了全文的主要观点和论文的研究成果和意义,以及论文的创新点。本文的创新点是：第一,笔者从韩国对外汉语教师的角度着手研究,结合笔者在学习汉语过程中以及在对外汉语教学实践中的经验,并对韩国学生进行问卷调查和偏误分析,运用理论与实证相结合的研究方法,进行大量的例证分析,使本文的研究真实可信,并具有较强的说服力。第二,本文是在深刻领会和总结前人研究成果的基础下,全方位对汉韩否定词的异同和用法作出了详细地对比、分析、研究、阐述。虽然,国内和国际上对汉韩否定词的研究有很多,但是,从汉韩否定词的时间表现对比、汉韩否定词的语义特征对比、汉韩否定词的否定意义对比三个部分全方面对汉韩否定词进行对比研究的并不多。本文的研究具有一定的理论意义与实践意义。既充实和完善了汉韩否定词研究的理论体系,也为受到否定词困扰的人们给予科学参考和实践帮助。只有充分了解汉韩否定词的异同,才能掌握好否定词的使用,才能在学习中和生活中更准确地表达自己的思想和意愿,才能更顺畅进行交流与交往,对汉韩语的语言学习和汉语的国际传播也起着积极地促进作用。
[Abstract]:Chinese and Korean belong to the Chinese-Tibetan language family and Altai language family. Chinese is an isolated language, basically no morphological change; Korean is an adhesive language, will occur morphological changes. For historical and cultural reasons, Chinese and Korean have similarities and differences. The topic of this paper comes from the author's thinking about the negative words in Chinese and Korean. Although there are few negative words in Chinese and Korean, they are very important in the use of language. The correct use of negative words can more accurately express the subjective and objective requirements and wishes. Only by comprehensively understanding and mastering the differences and usage of Chinese and Korean negative words can we carry out teaching more effectively and learn the language well. We take the difference and usage of negative words between Chinese and Korean as the research object, mainly to Korean negative word "(?)" This paper makes a comparative analysis with the typical Chinese negative word "No, no (you)", while deeply studying and analyzing the negative words in Chinese and Korean, expounds and generalizes the similarities and differences between Chinese and Korean negatives and their usage. The main contents of this paper are: the first part is the introduction. The purpose and significance of this topic, research methods and scope, as well as the status quo of this topic; the second part is the contrast of the time performance of Chinese and Korean negative words. The third part is the negative performance of Chinese and Korean negative words. This paper analyzes the similarities and differences of Chinese and Korean negative words from the comparison of negative meaning, formal division of labor and position relationship between Chinese and Korean negative words. The fourth part is the comparison of semantic features of Chinese and Korean negative words. This paper analyzes the semantic features of Chinese negative words, Korean negative words and Chinese and Korean negative words. The fifth part is the conclusion. This paper summarizes the main points of view, the research results and significance of the paper, as well as the innovation of the paper. The innovations of this paper are as follows: first, the author starts to study from the perspective of Korean TCFL teachers, combines the experience of the author in the process of learning Chinese and teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and carries on questionnaire survey and error analysis to Korean students. By using the research method of combining theory with empirical research, a large number of illustrative analysis are carried out, which makes the research in this paper true and credible, and has strong persuasion. Secondly, on the basis of deeply understanding and summing up the previous research results, this paper makes a detailed comparison, analysis, study and elaboration on the similarities and differences and usage of Chinese and Korean negative words. Although there are a lot of researches on Chinese and Korean negative words at home and abroad, but from the contrast of the time performance of Chinese and Korean negative words, the semantic characteristics of Chinese and Korean negative words are contrasted. There are few contrastive studies on the negative meanings of Chinese and Korean negative words in three parts. The research of this paper has certain theoretical and practical significance. It not only enriches and perfects the theoretical system of Chinese and Korean negative words, but also provides scientific reference and practical help to people who are troubled by negative words. Only when we fully understand the similarities and differences between Chinese and Korean negative words can we master the use of negative words, express our thoughts and wishes more accurately in our study and life, and communicate more smoothly. Chinese and Korean language learning and the international dissemination of Chinese also play an active role in promoting.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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