符拉迪沃斯托克市不列颠卡（Britanika）私立语言学校俄罗斯学生汉语词汇学习情况的调查与分析

发布时间：2018-11-27 13:24

【摘要】：现在全世界越来越多的人学习汉语，对外汉语教学也不断发展，而汉语教学在各个方面也经常出现一些问题。作为一名俄罗斯学生，我通过自己在俄罗斯大学学习中文及在俄罗斯语言学校的教学经历，本人发现俄罗斯汉语教学存在许多问题，尤其是词汇教学方面，但是俄罗斯汉语词汇教学一直没有学者进行过具体研究。因此，本人选择一所俄罗斯学校对该校学生汉语词汇学习状况进行研究，并提出一些建议。本研究使用问卷调查的方法进行。通过调查分析了解该校的教学情况、学生对汉语词汇教学的感受等。本论文旨在研究该校俄罗斯学生汉语词汇掌握的问题和产生问题的原因，研究跟词汇教学相关的问题。这些问题包括汉字和拼音对俄罗斯学生掌握汉语词汇的影响，以及语法和词汇教学的关系，文化导入对词汇掌握的影响，教材和教法存在的问题等等。本人通过研究发现，俄罗斯初级学生最大掌握词汇的问题是记住汉字和语音。但是这个阶段俄罗斯教师使用很多丰富的教学方法使学生克服这些问题。所以一些中高级学生不指出汉字和拼音问题，而他们的问题是搭配和使用。本人发现产生这个问题的原因：一是教材和词汇选择的原因，大部分的教材已经使用很长时间，很少有口语，书面语却很多，学生学过的词汇用不上；二是教学法方面的原因。大部分俄罗斯学习者希望用汉语跟中国人交流，但是课堂安排不让学生多说、多听汉语，教师很少跟学生说汉语，练习也不多，大部分的教学都是类似的，学生没有很多机会练习刚学的词汇，所以将来也不会用，交际能力很弱。因此，本研究对俄罗斯教师会有一些帮助，本论文不但指出存在的问题，，而且提出一些建议：怎样在缺少语境的情况下克服这些问题、更好安排汉语词汇教学，并有效地掌握词汇等等。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more people all over the world learn Chinese, and the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language develops constantly. As a Russian student, I have found that there are many problems in Russian Chinese teaching, especially in vocabulary teaching. However, Russian Chinese vocabulary teaching has not been specifically studied by scholars. Therefore, I choose a Russian school to study the situation of Chinese vocabulary learning, and put forward some suggestions. This study was conducted by questionnaire. Through the investigation and analysis of the school's teaching situation, students' feelings of Chinese vocabulary teaching and so on. The purpose of this paper is to study the problems of Russian students' Chinese vocabulary mastery and the causes of the problems, and to study the problems related to vocabulary teaching. These problems include the influence of Chinese characters and pinyin on Russian students' mastery of Chinese vocabulary, the relationship between grammar and vocabulary teaching, the influence of cultural introduction on vocabulary mastery, the problems in teaching materials and teaching methods, and so on. Through my research, I found that the most important problem for Russian junior students to master vocabulary is to memorize Chinese characters and pronunciation. But at this stage Russian teachers use a wealth of teaching methods to enable students to overcome these problems. So some senior students do not point out Chinese characters and pinyin problems, but their problem is collocation and use. I find the reason of this problem: first, the reason of teaching material and vocabulary choice, most of the textbooks have been used for a long time, very few spoken language, but a lot of written language, students have learned vocabulary can not use; second, the teaching method. Most Russian learners want to communicate with the Chinese in Chinese, but the classroom arrangement does not allow students to speak more, listen more to Chinese, teachers rarely speak Chinese to students, and practice is not much. Most of the teaching is similar. Students do not have many opportunities to practice new vocabulary, so they will not use it in the future. Therefore, this study will be of some help to Russian teachers. This thesis not only points out the existing problems, but also puts forward some suggestions: how to overcome these problems in the absence of context and better arrange the teaching of Chinese vocabulary. And effectively master vocabulary and so on.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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