主观量视角下的副词歧义研究

发布时间：2018-12-10 11:22

【摘要】：语言的“主观性”是指在话语中总是能体现出说话人的“自我”成分，也就是说，说话人在说出一段话的同时总是带有自己对这段话的态度、立场和情感。语言不仅能客观地表达命题，而且融入说话者的主观情感和认识。语言既能表达客观量，也可以表达主观量。缺乏主观认知的语言不能算是名副其实的语言。语言主观量的表达有多种多样的形式，轻重音、语气助词和副词等都是汉语主观量表达的一些重要手段。其中副词是表示主观量的重要形式。随着汉语研究的深入和发展和认知语言学的日益兴起，汉语的主观量问题成为汉语研究的一个热点，学界诸多学者开始研究汉语副词的主观量问题，并发表了多篇研究成果。本文在前人研究基础上，将主观量视角下的副词歧义问题作为重点研究对象。通过实证分析试探求出副词表量产生歧义的原因和基本规律，以及有效消除歧义的基本方法，从而达到深刻认知汉语自身特点和更好服务于对内对外汉语教学的目的。本文选取的是狭义“量”概念作为“主观量”的研究依据，力图通过含有具体数量短语的量对副词主观量的歧义问题做出解析和描写。全文分四个部分，，第一部分文献综述，简要介绍主观量的内涵和近些年来国内学者对副词主观量问题的研究情况；第二部分对副词主观量进行限定和分类，汉语主观量的表达方式主要有重音、语气词和副词等，而副词主观量的表达方式部分，根据副词的语义指向不同，按照语言指向前指、后指和双指，对“只”、“仅”、“才”、“就”、“都”等副词的主观量表现手段进行描写和分析；第三部分介绍副词主观量歧义问题出现的原因、表现的类型及消除方式；最后第四部分为结语。在研究方法上我们主要采用比较和归纳，比较就是通过设立单独语境和通过设立增加语境检验在语义表达方面有何不同，在此基础上归纳出能产生歧义的具体条件和规律。本文的用例来源包括两种情况：1.从北京大学汉语研究中心现代汉语语料库中检索到的例句。2.笔者收集到的学术论著或工具书中的用例，引用原文都加注说明。
[Abstract]:The subjectivity of language means that the speaker's "self" is always reflected in the discourse, that is to say, the speaker always has his own attitude, position and emotion in saying a paragraph. Language can not only objectively express propositions, but also incorporate the subjective feelings and cognition of the speaker. Language can express both objective and subjective quantities. A language that lacks subjective cognition is not a language worthy of its name. The expression of language subjective quantity has a variety of forms, such as light and heavy tone, modal auxiliary and adverb, are some important means of Chinese subjective quantity expression. Adverbs are important forms of subjective quantities. With the deepening and development of Chinese research and the increasing rise of cognitive linguistics, the subjective quantity of Chinese has become a hot topic in Chinese research. Many scholars have begun to study the subjective quantity of Chinese adverbs, and published many research results. On the basis of previous studies, this paper focuses on adverb ambiguity from the perspective of subjective variables. Through empirical analysis, the author tries to find out the causes and basic rules of ambiguity in adverb table quantity, and the basic method of effectively disambiguation, so as to realize deeply the characteristics of Chinese and serve the purpose of teaching Chinese as a foreign language at home and abroad. This paper chooses the concept of "quantity" in the narrow sense as the research basis of "subjective quantity", and tries to make an analysis and description of the ambiguity of adverb's subjective quantity by means of the quantity containing specific quantitative phrases. The paper is divided into four parts. The first part is a literature review, which briefly introduces the connotation of subjective quantity and the research of adverb subjective quantity by domestic scholars in recent years. The second part defines and classifies the adverb's subjective quantity. The main ways of expressing the Chinese subjective quantity are stress, mood and adverb, while the adverb's subjective quantity is expressed differently according to the adverb's semantic direction, according to the language pointing antecedent. The second and double fingers describe and analyze the subjective means of expression of adverbs such as "only", "talent", "just" and "du". The third part introduces the reasons of the ambiguity of adverb subjective quantity, the types of expression and the way of elimination. The fourth part is the conclusion. In the research methods, we mainly adopt comparison and induction. Comparison is to find out the specific conditions and rules of ambiguity by setting up separate context and adding context to examine the differences in semantic expression. The source of the use case in this paper consists of two cases: 1. Examples from the Modern Chinese Corpus of the Center for Chinese Studies of Peking University. 2. The use cases in academic works or reference books collected by the author are annotated in the original text.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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