《现代汉语词典》（第5版）三字格与四字格研究

发布时间：2018-12-12 08:22

【摘要】：现代汉语中的三字格和四字格是两种非常独特的语言结构形式,其外部形态固定,内部结构紧密,语义具有一定的整体性和凝固性,包含词和固定短语,在《现代汉语词典》中有着较大数量的存在,以及较集中的收录。《现代汉语词典》(第5版),作为一部以记录现代汉语普通话为主、为促进汉语规范化服务的重要词典,它汇集了现代汉语中的字、词、词组、熟语、成语等各种常用语言单位,基本反映了目前现代汉语词汇的概况,更重要的是,在中国词典史上,《现代汉语词典》(第5版)首次对现代汉语系统中“词”作出明确标注,本文的重要结论“三、四音节是词、语的大体分界”也是建立在这一重大突破的基础之上。本文以该词典中收录的三字格和四字格为语料来源和统计对象(仅包括第1页到第1830页的所有词语,西文字母开头的词语并为列入统计范围内),运用全方位统计和对比分析的方法,对现代汉语里的三字格和四字格的基本特征进行详细的计量考略和对比分析,并依据词与语的具体数据检验传统观点的正误,探讨现代汉语系统“词”“语”之大界。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, three characters and four characters are two very unique forms of language structure. Their external forms are fixed, their internal structures are close, and their semantics have a certain integrity and solidification, including words and fixed phrases. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, there is a large number of the existence, as well as a more concentrated collection. The Modern Chinese Dictionary (5th Edition), as an important dictionary which mainly records Putonghua in modern Chinese and serves to promote the standardization of Chinese, brings together the characters, phrases and idioms in modern Chinese. Idioms and other commonly used language units basically reflect the general situation of modern Chinese vocabulary. More importantly, in the history of Chinese dictionaries, the Modern Chinese Dictionary (5th Edition) has for the first time clearly marked "words" in the modern Chinese system. The important conclusion of this paper is that three and four syllables are words, and the general division of words is based on this breakthrough. This paper uses the three and four characters in the dictionary as the source of the data and the statistical objects (including only all words on pages 1 to 1830, and the words at the beginning of the western alphabet, which are included in the statistical scope). By means of omnidirectional statistics and contrastive analysis, this paper makes a detailed econometric examination and comparative analysis of the basic characteristics of three-character and four-character cases in modern Chinese, and tests the correctness and error of traditional views according to the concrete data of words and languages. This paper probes into the great boundary of modern Chinese system "word" and "language".
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136

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