《现汉》（第5版）释义语言中的举例研究

发布时间：2019-01-01 20:11

【摘要】：《现代汉语词典》（以下简称《现汉》）是以推广普通话、促进现代汉语规范化为宗旨的我国第一部规范的中型语文辞书。《现汉》（第5版）释义的研究已取得丰硕的成果，本论文选择之前学者研究尚欠深入的《现汉》释义中含有举例的释义语言为研究对象，通过对研究对象的描写，总结举例这种释义手段在《现汉》中运用的规律与存在的问题。本论文共分为五部分。第一部分绪论，对研究对象即释义语言中的举例加以界定，指出其所属的原型范畴及其与配例的不同；然后介绍本论文的研究价值、思路、方法与应注意的问题。第二部分对含有举例的释义语言进行分类描写，，本论文的研究对象共包括两类：释文附加内容中的举例与释文主体内容中的举例。经数字统计，释义主体内容中的举例是更为典型的一类。对于这两类我们分别从释义语言的特点和被释词的词类特点两个方面进行描写，这两类各自具有自己的区别性特点，但二者的界限又并非不可跨越，某些情况下二者的释义语言可以相互转化。第三部分释义语言中含有举例的释义原则与特征。首先提出该释义语言所遵循的释义原则：概括性、准确性、系统性、便于理解与记忆。接着分析了举例所体现出的特征：典型性、高频性、等级性、“等”字的使用。最后提出了运用举例这种手段的释义效果，使释义更形象可感，易理解记忆。第四部分指出《现汉》中含有举例的释义所存在的问题，分别从释义的经济性、准确性和释义语言形式上的标志三个角度指出其问题所在。其中准确性这一部分分别从举例的典型性、高频性、“等”字的使用、举例的数目四个方面指出两类研究对象各自在运用举例这种释义手段时释义语言中出现的问题。第五部分结语，概括总结整篇论文的主要内容。
[Abstract]:The Modern Chinese Dictionary (hereinafter referred to as "Xianhan") is the first standard medium language dictionary of our country aimed at popularizing Putonghua and promoting the standardization of modern Chinese. The research on the interpretation of < Xianhan > (5th edition) has achieved fruitful results. In this paper, the author chooses the language with examples in the interpretation of "present Han", which has not been thoroughly studied by scholars, as the object of study. Through the description of the object of study, this paper summarizes the laws and problems existing in the use of this method of interpretation in "present Han". This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction, which defines the examples of the object of study, that is, the interpretation language, and points out the archetypal category to which it belongs and the difference between the prototype category and the case, and then introduces the research value, ideas, methods and problems to be paid attention to in this paper. In the second part, we classify and describe the explanatory language with examples. The research object of this thesis includes two categories: the examples in the additional content of the interpretation and the examples in the main content of the interpretation. According to the digital statistics, the examples in the main content of interpretation are more typical. For these two kinds of words, we describe them from two aspects: the characteristics of the interpreted language and the features of the part of speech. These two types have their own distinctive characteristics, but the boundaries of the two are not insurmountable. In some cases, the two interpretive languages can be transformed into each other. The third part of the interpretation of language contains examples of the principles and characteristics of interpretation. Firstly, the principle of interpretation is put forward: generality, accuracy, systematicness, easy to understand and memorize. Then it analyzes the characteristics of the examples: typicality, high frequency, rank, and so on. Finally, this paper puts forward the interpretation effect of this method, which can make the interpretation more vivid and easy to understand and memorize. In the fourth part, the author points out the problems of illustrative interpretation in "present Han", and points out the problems from three angles: economy, accuracy and the sign of language form of interpretation. In this part, the author points out the problems in the interpretation language of the two kinds of research objects in terms of the typicality, high frequency, "etc" and the number of examples. The fifth part concludes the main contents of the whole paper.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H164

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