马其顿语和汉语时态范畴比较研究

发布时间：2019-01-12 20:28

【摘要】：时态范畴是人类语言中普遍存在而且非常重要的语法范畴之一。客观的时间范畴是人类共有的,但是在不同的语言中时间的表达系统不太相同。马其顿语和汉语属于不同的语系,马其顿语属于印欧语系而汉语属于汉藏语系。马其顿语和汉语的结构类型也不同,马其顿语属于屈折语,汉语属于词根语。马其顿语富于形态变化,汉语缺乏形态变化,由此决定了它们的时态表现方式也不相同。本文对马其顿语和汉语与时态相关的各种语法范畴和语义范畴进行比较研究,比较马其顿语与汉语时态范畴及其表达手段的差异。马其顿语与汉语时态比较研究,以前还没有人做过,本论文是首次尝试比较研究这两种语言的时态系统。本文的研究对马其顿语和汉语的学习和教学有一定的理论价值和实用意义。全文共有六章：第一章是引言,介绍了本文的研究任务和意义,对马其顿语、汉语时态研究现状进行了评述,并介绍了本文的研究方法和语料的来源。第二章对马其顿语加以简要的介绍,分别介绍了马其顿语的语音系统、词汇系统、语法系统及其基本特点。这是考虑到马其顿语不为汉语学界所熟悉。第三章对马其顿语和汉语的时(tense)范畴进行比较,首先分别描述了两种语言的时范畴,包括现在时、过去时、将来时的表达方式,然后在此基础上对两种语言时范畴的异同及其原因加以比较和探讨。第四章对马其顿语和汉语的体(aspect)范畴进行比较。分别描述了两种语言体范畴的表现形式,比较其异同,揭示两种语言体范畴的对应关系。第五章对学习马其顿语和汉语时体范畴的常见偏误进行分析探讨,主要是从教学和翻译的角度着眼。教学方面主要是母语迁移干扰问题,而翻译方面,主要是时态范畴在翻译时的实际处理问题。第六章是结语,总结了本文的主要内容,检视了本文的不足,并提出了今后需要进一步深入研究的问题。
[Abstract]:Tense category is one of the most important grammatical categories in human language. Objective time category is common to human beings, but the expression system of time is different in different languages. Macedonian and Chinese belong to different languages, Macedonian belongs to Indo-European and Chinese belongs to Chinese-Tibetan. Macedonian and Chinese have different structural types. Macedonian belongs to flexion and Chinese to root. The Macedonian language is rich in morphological changes, while Chinese lacks morphological changes, which determines that their tenses are not the same. This paper makes a comparative study of various grammatical and semantic categories related to tenses in Macedonian and Chinese, and compares the differences between Macedonian and Chinese tense categories and their means of expression. The comparative study of Macedonian and Chinese tense has not been done before. This thesis is the first attempt to study the tense system of these two languages. The study of this paper has certain theoretical value and practical significance for the study and teaching of Macedonian and Chinese. There are six chapters in this paper: the first chapter is the introduction, which introduces the research task and significance of this paper, reviews the present situation of Macedonian and Chinese tense studies, and introduces the research methods and the source of the corpus. The second chapter briefly introduces Macedonian, including its phonetic system, lexical system, grammatical system and its basic characteristics. This is in view of the fact that Macedonian is not familiar to Chinese scholars. The third chapter compares the temporal (tense) categories of Macedonian and Chinese. Firstly, it describes the tense categories of the two languages, including the expressions of present tense, past tense and future tense. On this basis, the similarities and differences between the two languages and their causes are compared and discussed. Chapter four compares the aspect (aspect) category between Macedonian and Chinese. This paper describes the expression forms of the two linguistic aspect categories, compares their similarities and differences, and reveals the corresponding relations between the two linguistic aspect categories. The fifth chapter analyzes the common errors in the aspect of learning Macedonian and Chinese, mainly from the perspective of teaching and translation. The teaching aspect is mainly the interference of mother tongue transfer, while the translation aspect is mainly the practical processing problem of temporal category in translation. The sixth chapter is the conclusion, summarizes the main contents of this paper, examines the shortcomings of this paper, and points out the problems that need further study in the future.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146;H749

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