初级阶段印尼学习者习得汉语语音难点研究
发布时间：2019-02-25 20:13
【摘要】：现代汉语普通话语音习得一直是对外汉语教学的重要组成部分,字词的语音习得是整个语音习得过程的重中之重。在习得过程中,学习者的语音偏误主要来自母语负迁移的影响。 笔者对汉语初级阶段印尼学习者进行了语音输入和输出调查,根据调查结果旨在找出汉语初级阶段印尼学习者的语音习得难点。本文将调查对象分为印尼原住民和印尼华裔(以下简称原住民和华裔),并对比原住民和华裔语音偏误的异同。在平时的教学和语音调查中发现,原住民和华裔在语音习得速度上略有不同,华裔相对快一些。偏误方面华裔的偏误类型要少一些,偏误率低一些。但是总体看来,华裔并没有明显的语音优势,这可能是因为印尼华文被禁多年,华裔已经失去了母语习得环境。本文根据语音调查得出以下结论： l、音段层面,笔者主要分析了印尼学习者习得普通话声母和韵母的偏误情况。华裔的总体偏误情况好于原住民,但是并未显示出明显的语音优势。声母方面,偏误主要集中在双唇音b、p,舌尖中音d、t,舌根音g、k,舌尖前音z、c、s,舌尖后音zh、ch、sh,舌面音j、q、x和舌尖后音r。韵母方面,偏误主要集中在开口呼韵母e、-i[ι]和-i[ι],撮口呼韵母,卷舌元音er和韵母ie、ian、lOU、uel、uen。 2、超音段层面,笔者主要分析了印尼学习者习得普通话声调的偏误情况。不论是华裔还是原住民,声调习得顺序都是阴平去声上声阳平。调值的偏误比调型的偏误严重,调长的偏误主要是去声过短,念成急促下降的短调。不论是单字调朗读测试还是二字组声调听辨测试,偏误主要集中在阳平。 本文结合教学实际和语音调查结果,提出了针对汉语初级阶段印尼学习者普通话声母、韵母和声调的课堂教学对策。
[Abstract]:Phonetics acquisition of modern Chinese mandarin has always been an important part of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and phonetics acquisition of Chinese characters is the most important part of the whole process of phonetics acquisition. In the process of acquisition, learners' phonological errors are mainly influenced by negative transfer of their mother tongue. The author makes a survey on the input and output of speech by Indonesian learners in the primary stage of Chinese. The purpose of the survey is to find out the difficulties in the acquisition of speech by Indonesian learners in the primary stage of Chinese. In this paper, the subjects of investigation are divided into Indonesian aboriginal and Indonesian Chinese (hereinafter referred to as aboriginal and Chinese), and the similarities and differences of phonological errors between aboriginal and Chinese are compared. In normal teaching and phonetics survey found that aborigines and Chinese Americans in the speed of speech acquisition slightly different, Chinese relatively faster. In terms of bias, the type of bias of Chinese Americans is less, and the error rate is lower. But overall, Chinese do not have a clear phonological advantage, possibly because Indonesian Chinese have been banned for many years and Chinese have lost their native language acquisition environment. Based on the phonological survey, this paper draws the following conclusions: (1) at the phonological level, the author mainly analyzes the errors in Indonesian learners' acquisition of consonants and vowels in Putonghua. The overall bias of the Chinese is better than that of the aborigines, but it does not show a significant phonological advantage. In the consonant, the errors were mainly concentrated in the double lip b, p, tongue tip midpoint d, t, tongue root tone g, k, tongue tip foretone z, c, s, the posterior tone of the tongue tip zh,ch,sh, tongue surface sound j, Q, x and the posterior tone of the tongue tip r, Q, x, and the posterior tone of the tongue tip was z, c, s, the posterior tone of the tongue tip. In the vowel aspect, the errors mainly focus on the opening vowel e, I [I] and-I [I], the vowel er and the vowel ie,ian,lOU,uel,uen.. 2. At the level of ultrasound, the author mainly analyzes the errors of Indonesian learners' acquisition of mandarin tone. Whether Chinese or aboriginal, the tone is acquired in the order of the tone of the sound level. The error of adjusting value is more serious than that of modulation type. The main error of adjusting length is that the tone is too short and can be read into a short tone with a sharp decline. Whether it is single-tone reading test or two-word tone audiometry test, the errors are mainly concentrated in Yangping. Based on the teaching practice and phonetics survey, this paper puts forward some classroom teaching strategies for Indonesian learners of Mandarin consonant, vowel and tone in the primary stage of Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195
本文编号：2430497
[Abstract]:Phonetics acquisition of modern Chinese mandarin has always been an important part of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and phonetics acquisition of Chinese characters is the most important part of the whole process of phonetics acquisition. In the process of acquisition, learners' phonological errors are mainly influenced by negative transfer of their mother tongue. The author makes a survey on the input and output of speech by Indonesian learners in the primary stage of Chinese. The purpose of the survey is to find out the difficulties in the acquisition of speech by Indonesian learners in the primary stage of Chinese. In this paper, the subjects of investigation are divided into Indonesian aboriginal and Indonesian Chinese (hereinafter referred to as aboriginal and Chinese), and the similarities and differences of phonological errors between aboriginal and Chinese are compared. In normal teaching and phonetics survey found that aborigines and Chinese Americans in the speed of speech acquisition slightly different, Chinese relatively faster. In terms of bias, the type of bias of Chinese Americans is less, and the error rate is lower. But overall, Chinese do not have a clear phonological advantage, possibly because Indonesian Chinese have been banned for many years and Chinese have lost their native language acquisition environment. Based on the phonological survey, this paper draws the following conclusions: (1) at the phonological level, the author mainly analyzes the errors in Indonesian learners' acquisition of consonants and vowels in Putonghua. The overall bias of the Chinese is better than that of the aborigines, but it does not show a significant phonological advantage. In the consonant, the errors were mainly concentrated in the double lip b, p, tongue tip midpoint d, t, tongue root tone g, k, tongue tip foretone z, c, s, the posterior tone of the tongue tip zh,ch,sh, tongue surface sound j, Q, x and the posterior tone of the tongue tip r, Q, x, and the posterior tone of the tongue tip was z, c, s, the posterior tone of the tongue tip. In the vowel aspect, the errors mainly focus on the opening vowel e, I [I] and-I [I], the vowel er and the vowel ie,ian,lOU,uel,uen.. 2. At the level of ultrasound, the author mainly analyzes the errors of Indonesian learners' acquisition of mandarin tone. Whether Chinese or aboriginal, the tone is acquired in the order of the tone of the sound level. The error of adjusting value is more serious than that of modulation type. The main error of adjusting length is that the tone is too short and can be read into a short tone with a sharp decline. Whether it is single-tone reading test or two-word tone audiometry test, the errors are mainly concentrated in Yangping. Based on the teaching practice and phonetics survey, this paper puts forward some classroom teaching strategies for Indonesian learners of Mandarin consonant, vowel and tone in the primary stage of Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 张萌;印度尼西亚汉语教育现状分析及发展趋势[D];福建师范大学;2013年
，本文编号：2430497
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