《镜花缘》程度副词研究
发布时间：2019-02-26 19:38
【摘要】：明清时期是近代汉语向现代汉语过渡的一个重要阶段,明清小说是研究近代汉语的重要语料,其中,清代李汝珍的《镜花缘》无疑是占据比较重要的地位的一部独具特色的优秀作品,被鲁迅称为“清之以小说见才学者”。从古至今,程度副词都是汉语副词中较为重要而又相当复杂、使用频率相当高的一个词类。但对于《镜花缘》程度副词的研究,有关学者尚未给予足够重视,至今没有进行过系统的研究。有鉴于此,论文采用专书研究的方法,对《镜花缘》的程度副词进行穷尽性的调查和研究,全面考察书中程度副词的使用情况。 总体而言,《镜花缘》是用当时通行的官话,较为规范的书面语,进行创作。《镜花缘》的语言风格较“文”,但不是文言体。它的语言,既具有近代汉语的般特点,也有自己的个性特色。而大量贴近生活的口语的有意采用,赋予此作品复杂的方言色彩。社会各阶层语言皆在其中,对研究当时的社会语言也有一定的意义。 本文首先对《镜花缘》中的程度副词进行平面上的静态描写,查找出现的程度副词的全部用例,从句法、语义、表达功能等方面多角度观察,力图深入细致地对文献里的程度副词的使用情况作出分析。既考察词在清之前的形态,也解析词在清之后的发展演变,对《镜花缘》程度副词作立体全面的描写和分析。在此基础上,对比各个子类的共同点和差异性,找出一些语言规律。本文除了在描写分析的基础上,通过比较研究和多角度的观察,还运用语法化理论、语义学、语用学等理论,力求对《镜花缘》程度副词的源头及其形成和用法作出较合理的探索和论证。 文章主要分四部分进行论述： 第一部分,对《镜花缘》这一文献作总体介绍,界定近代汉语上下限,说明选题目的及研究的意义,总结以往学术界对《镜花缘》从语言学角度进行的研究成果。 第二部分,对副词和程度副词的界定和分类标准分别做了阐述。 第三部分,将《镜花缘》中出现的57个程度副词划分为三类,对其句法、语义进行了详尽的分析与描写,包括语义来源与发展、句法功能、组合能力、适用句式、情态等方面。 第四部分,系统分析了程度副词的句法组合功能,总结了《镜花缘》中程度副词的基本特点,探索发展变化的规律。 对《镜花缘》中的语法现象进行研究,不仅有助于系统完整的汉语语法史的形成,也有助于探寻现代语法的来源和演变,并且在语言发展演变等方面也有理论上的启示。
[Abstract]:The Ming and Qing dynasties were an important stage in the transition from modern Chinese to modern Chinese. The novels of Ming and Qing dynasties were important materials for studying modern Chinese, among which, Li Ruzhen's Mirror Flowers in Qing Dynasty is undoubtedly an outstanding work with unique characteristics, which occupies an important position. Lu Xun called it "the scholar of Qing Dynasty to see the novel". Since ancient times, degree adverbs have been one of the most important and complex adverbs in Chinese. However, the relevant scholars have not paid enough attention to the study of degree adverbs, so far no systematic study has been carried out. In view of this, this paper makes a thorough investigation and research on the degree adverbs of "Mirror Flower margin" by the method of special book research, and makes a comprehensive investigation of the use of degree adverbs in the book. Generally speaking, the language style of "Mirror Flower margin" is more "Wen" than that of "Wen", but it is not classical Chinese, but it is written in the popular official language and more standardized written language at that time. Its language, not only has the general characteristics of modern Chinese, but also has its own personality characteristics. And a large number of close to the life of the intended use of spoken language, giving this work complex dialect color. The language of all levels of society is among them, also has certain significance to the study of the social language at that time. In this paper, we first make a static description of the degree adverbs in the mirror, find out all the use cases of the degree adverbs, and observe them from the aspects of syntax, semantics, expression function, and so on. Try to make a thorough and detailed analysis of the use of degree adverbs in the literature. This paper not only examines the form of words before Qing Dynasty, but also analyzes the development and evolution of words after Qing Dynasty, and makes a three-dimensional and comprehensive description and analysis of adverbs of degree of "Mirror Flower margin". On this basis, the similarities and differences of each subclass are compared to find out some linguistic rules. On the basis of descriptive analysis, through comparative study and multi-angle observation, this paper also applies grammaticalization theory, semantics, pragmatics and other theories. The author tries to make reasonable exploration and demonstration on the origin, formation and usage of the adverb of degree of "Mirror Flower margin". The article is divided into four parts: the first part introduces the literature of "Mirror Flower margin", defines the upper and lower bound of modern Chinese, explains the purpose of choosing the topic and the significance of the research. This paper summarizes the achievements of the previous academic research on "the Flower of Mirror" from the perspective of linguistics. In the second part, the definition and classification criteria of adverbs and degree adverbs are described. In the third part, the 57 degree adverbs appearing in Mirror Flower margin are divided into three categories, and their syntax and semantics are analyzed and described in detail, including semantic origin and development, syntactic function, combinatorial ability, applicable sentence pattern, modality and so on. In the fourth part, the syntactic composition function of degree adverbs is analyzed systematically, the basic characteristics of degree adverbs are summarized, and the law of development and change is explored. The study of grammatical phenomena in Mirror not only contributes to the formation of systematic and complete history of Chinese grammar, but also helps to explore the origin and evolution of modern grammar, and also has theoretical implications in the development and evolution of language.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2431085
[Abstract]:The Ming and Qing dynasties were an important stage in the transition from modern Chinese to modern Chinese. The novels of Ming and Qing dynasties were important materials for studying modern Chinese, among which, Li Ruzhen's Mirror Flowers in Qing Dynasty is undoubtedly an outstanding work with unique characteristics, which occupies an important position. Lu Xun called it "the scholar of Qing Dynasty to see the novel". Since ancient times, degree adverbs have been one of the most important and complex adverbs in Chinese. However, the relevant scholars have not paid enough attention to the study of degree adverbs, so far no systematic study has been carried out. In view of this, this paper makes a thorough investigation and research on the degree adverbs of "Mirror Flower margin" by the method of special book research, and makes a comprehensive investigation of the use of degree adverbs in the book. Generally speaking, the language style of "Mirror Flower margin" is more "Wen" than that of "Wen", but it is not classical Chinese, but it is written in the popular official language and more standardized written language at that time. Its language, not only has the general characteristics of modern Chinese, but also has its own personality characteristics. And a large number of close to the life of the intended use of spoken language, giving this work complex dialect color. The language of all levels of society is among them, also has certain significance to the study of the social language at that time. In this paper, we first make a static description of the degree adverbs in the mirror, find out all the use cases of the degree adverbs, and observe them from the aspects of syntax, semantics, expression function, and so on. Try to make a thorough and detailed analysis of the use of degree adverbs in the literature. This paper not only examines the form of words before Qing Dynasty, but also analyzes the development and evolution of words after Qing Dynasty, and makes a three-dimensional and comprehensive description and analysis of adverbs of degree of "Mirror Flower margin". On this basis, the similarities and differences of each subclass are compared to find out some linguistic rules. On the basis of descriptive analysis, through comparative study and multi-angle observation, this paper also applies grammaticalization theory, semantics, pragmatics and other theories. The author tries to make reasonable exploration and demonstration on the origin, formation and usage of the adverb of degree of "Mirror Flower margin". The article is divided into four parts: the first part introduces the literature of "Mirror Flower margin", defines the upper and lower bound of modern Chinese, explains the purpose of choosing the topic and the significance of the research. This paper summarizes the achievements of the previous academic research on "the Flower of Mirror" from the perspective of linguistics. In the second part, the definition and classification criteria of adverbs and degree adverbs are described. In the third part, the 57 degree adverbs appearing in Mirror Flower margin are divided into three categories, and their syntax and semantics are analyzed and described in detail, including semantic origin and development, syntactic function, combinatorial ability, applicable sentence pattern, modality and so on. In the fourth part, the syntactic composition function of degree adverbs is analyzed systematically, the basic characteristics of degree adverbs are summarized, and the law of development and change is explored. The study of grammatical phenomena in Mirror not only contributes to the formation of systematic and complete history of Chinese grammar, but also helps to explore the origin and evolution of modern grammar, and also has theoretical implications in the development and evolution of language.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146
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