云龙山地白族的谚语研究

发布时间：2019-03-02 12:58

【摘要】：语言是人类进行思维、感知世界的工具，也是人类最重要的交际工具。语言是一套由语音、语汇、语法组成的结构系统。谚语是语言的组成部分，，是人民大众生产生活经验的总结，以口语的形式流传于民间，具有阐述道理、传授知识、教育劝诫等功能。谚语作为独特的语言现象，是社会文化的一面镜子，在用特定的语言形式表达思想感情的同时，还承载着深厚的文化内涵。云龙是一个以白族为主体的多民族山区县，各族人民和睦相处，共同缔造了云龙丰富多彩的文化。作为云龙白族文化镜像的白族谚语，它是反映白族生产实践、社会斗争和日常生活的艺术结晶，是白族人民生活的百科全书，它用精当准确、形象生动的语词，短小有力、节奏鲜明的句式展示了白语的精华。白族谚语又是植根于白族社会生活土壤中的智慧花朵。不同的自然环境、社会历史、生活方式决定了一个民族独特的思维方式、性格特征及心理素质，这些都在谚语中鲜明地反映出来，形成了白族谚语独特的文化品格。值得进行专门的分析和研究。本文以语言学、词汇学、修辞学、语体学等学科理论为指导，对云龙山地白族的谚语进行了探讨，全文内容如下：本文分前言、正文、结语三部分。正文分为六章，第一章是绪论，包括选题的缘由、研究的目的和意义、文献综述、研究理论和方法。第二章简述了云龙白族的生态环境及语言和谚语的使用情况。第三章云龙介绍了白族谚语的类别和特征。从内容入手，把白族谚语分为修养谚、生活谚、经济谚、自然谚、事理谚、风土谚六类，并从内容、结构、韵律方面分析了它的特征。第四章论述了白族谚语的语用修辞特征。白族谚语中常见的修辞方式有比喻、比拟、夸张、借代、对偶、对比、反问等。第五章多角度论述了白族谚语的文化内涵。如，重视家庭和谐、尊老爱幼、文化和伦理教育等，这些体现了云龙白族的精神风貌，反映了白族文化中积极向上的一面。其他如重男轻女、随遇而安等，则反映了云龙白族文化中封建落后的一面。在传承白族谚语时，应“取其精华，去其糟粕”，充分发挥其在树立民众正确的道德观和价值观、构建和谐社会等方面的积极作用。第六章是结语，对论文进行了总结，指出了论文的不足之处。本文所选用的谚语资料主要来自《白族谚语》、《大理州志》、《云龙县志》以及自己实地调查得来的语料，资料相对完整，有利于分析。
[Abstract]:Language is the tool of human thinking and perception of the world. It is also the most important tool of human communication. Language is a structural system composed of pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. Proverbs are an integral part of language and a summary of the people's experience in production and life. They are spread to the people in the form of spoken language. They have the functions of expounding truth, imparting knowledge, teaching advice and so on. Proverbs, as a unique linguistic phenomenon, are a mirror of social culture. As well as expressing their thoughts and feelings in specific language forms, proverbs also carry profound cultural connotations. Yunlong is a multi-ethnic mountainous county with Bai nationality as its main body. The people of all nationalities live in harmony and create a rich and colorful culture of Yunlong. As a mirror image of Yunlong Bai culture, Bai proverb is the artistic crystallization of Bai people's production practice, social struggle and daily life. It is an encyclopedia of Bai people's life. It uses precise, vivid words, short and powerful. The rhythm of the sentence shows the essence of the white language. The Bai proverb is also a flower of wisdom rooted in the soil of Bai's social life. Different natural environment, social history and life style determine a nation's unique way of thinking, character characteristics and psychological quality, which are clearly reflected in the proverbs and form the unique cultural character of Bai nationality proverbs. It is worth carrying on the special analysis and the research. Guided by the theories of linguistics, vocabulary, rhetoric, stylistics and so on, this paper discusses the proverbs of Bai nationality in Yunlong Mountain area. The full text is as follows: this paper is divided into three parts: preface, text and conclusion. The text is divided into six chapters, the first chapter is the introduction, including the reasons for the topic, the purpose and significance of the study, literature review, research theory and methods. The second chapter briefly describes the ecological environment, language and proverbs of Yunlong Bai nationality. The third chapter introduces the categories and characteristics of Bai proverbs. Starting from the content, the Bai proverbs are divided into six categories: culture proverbs, life proverbs, economic proverbs, natural proverbs, truth proverbs and local proverbs. The characteristics of the proverbs are analyzed from the aspects of content, structure and prosody. The fourth chapter discusses the pragmatic rhetoric features of Bai proverbs. The figures of speech commonly used in Bai proverbs are metaphor, analogy, exaggeration, metonymy, duality, contrast, inversion and so on. The fifth chapter discusses the cultural connotation of Bai proverbs from many angles. For example, attach importance to family harmony, respect for the elderly and love the young, culture and ethics education and so on, these reflect the spirit of Yunlong Bai nationality, reflect the positive side of Bai culture. Others, such as son preference, and so on, reflect the feudal backwardness of Yunlong Bai culture. In inheriting the Bai proverbs, we should "take the essence and get rid of its dross", and give full play to its positive role in the establishment of the people's correct morality and values, and the construction of a harmonious society. The sixth chapter is the conclusion, summarizes the paper, points out the shortcomings of the paper. The proverb materials selected in this paper are mainly from Bai Proverbs, Dali Chronicles, Yunlong County Records and the data obtained from their field investigations. The data are relatively complete and useful for analysis.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H252

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