现代汉语语素“一”研究
发布时间：2019-03-15 09:56
【摘要】：数词是语言中特殊的一类词，而“一”是数词中特殊的一个词。“一”不仅可以单独作词，而且可以作为语素参与构成其它词。对数词“一”及其组合结构的研究已经相当成熟，而对语素“一”及其构词的研究还比较薄弱。本文以汉语语素“一”为研究对象，以《现代汉语词典》收录的“一”构成的双音词为研究材料，充分利用北京大学汉语研究中心语料库，从历时与共时两个角度着眼，试图对现代汉语语素“一”自身及其构词有更深入全面的认识。 首先，本文将《现代汉语词典》中由语素“一”参与构成的双音词进行分类，并在这一基础上对每一个词的形成时间进行定位，对其中语素“一”的语义归属进行整理，从而了解语素“一”构词形成的整体面貌，为下文研究打下基础。 其次，考察由语素“一”构成的词中两个语素之间的关系，，并讨论组合之后整个结构发展到词的演化过程，归纳出每一类词的形成途径，发现语素“一”在构词中发挥的作用。 最后，语素“一”参与构词的有多个语素项，而各个语素项的构词能力呈现出很明显的不平衡现象。通过对每个语素项的语素共义和语素变义的考察，分析讨论导致不同的语素项构词能力不平衡的原因。 对现代汉语语素“一”的研究首先可以继续深化“数”的研究，并对其他复杂的成词语素的研究也会有所启发，进而丰富整个汉语言的基础研究。同时本文研究中大量利用了汉语字词典等工具书，发现并讨论了其中的一些问题，或将对词典编纂有所裨益。
[Abstract]:Numeral is a special kind of word in language, and "one" is a special word in numeral. One can not only compose words alone, but also participate as morphemes to form other words. The research on logarithmic word "Yi" and its combinatorial structure is quite mature, but the research on morpheme "Yi" and its word formation is still relatively weak. Taking the Chinese morpheme "one" as the research object and the disyllabic words of "one" included in the Modern Chinese Dictionary as the research materials, this paper makes full use of the central corpus of Chinese studies at Peking University, focusing on both diachronic and synchronic aspects. This paper attempts to have a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of modern Chinese morpheme "Yi" itself and its word formation. First of all, this paper classifies the disyllabic words composed of morpheme "one" in Modern Chinese Dictionary, and on this basis, locates the formation time of each word, and sorts out the semantic attribution of the morpheme "one". Thus we can understand the whole appearance of morpheme word formation, and lay the foundation for the following research. Secondly, the relationship between two morphemes in a word composed of morphemes "one" is investigated, and the evolution process from the whole structure to the word after combination is discussed. The ways of forming each kind of words are summarized, and the role of morpheme "one" in word formation is found. Finally, there are many morphemes involved in word formation, and the ability of morphemes is obviously unbalanced. Based on the investigation of morpheme synsemy and morpheme metonymy of each morphemes, this paper analyzes and discusses the reasons for the imbalance of morphemes' ability to construct words in different morphemes. The research on the morpheme "one" of modern Chinese can first of all continue to deepen the study of "number", and will also enlighten the study of other complex morphemes of Chinese words, so as to enrich the basic research of the whole Chinese language. At the same time, reference books such as Chinese character dictionary are widely used in this paper, and some of these problems are found and discussed, which may be beneficial to the compilation of dictionaries.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H136
本文编号：2440528
[Abstract]:Numeral is a special kind of word in language, and "one" is a special word in numeral. One can not only compose words alone, but also participate as morphemes to form other words. The research on logarithmic word "Yi" and its combinatorial structure is quite mature, but the research on morpheme "Yi" and its word formation is still relatively weak. Taking the Chinese morpheme "one" as the research object and the disyllabic words of "one" included in the Modern Chinese Dictionary as the research materials, this paper makes full use of the central corpus of Chinese studies at Peking University, focusing on both diachronic and synchronic aspects. This paper attempts to have a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of modern Chinese morpheme "Yi" itself and its word formation. First of all, this paper classifies the disyllabic words composed of morpheme "one" in Modern Chinese Dictionary, and on this basis, locates the formation time of each word, and sorts out the semantic attribution of the morpheme "one". Thus we can understand the whole appearance of morpheme word formation, and lay the foundation for the following research. Secondly, the relationship between two morphemes in a word composed of morphemes "one" is investigated, and the evolution process from the whole structure to the word after combination is discussed. The ways of forming each kind of words are summarized, and the role of morpheme "one" in word formation is found. Finally, there are many morphemes involved in word formation, and the ability of morphemes is obviously unbalanced. Based on the investigation of morpheme synsemy and morpheme metonymy of each morphemes, this paper analyzes and discusses the reasons for the imbalance of morphemes' ability to construct words in different morphemes. The research on the morpheme "one" of modern Chinese can first of all continue to deepen the study of "number", and will also enlighten the study of other complex morphemes of Chinese words, so as to enrich the basic research of the whole Chinese language. At the same time, reference books such as Chinese character dictionary are widely used in this paper, and some of these problems are found and discussed, which may be beneficial to the compilation of dictionaries.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H136
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