《世说新语》实词反义关系研究
发布时间：2019-03-25 18:51
【摘要】：反义关系与同义关系一样，，是语言中重要的意义关系之一。对于古汉语反义词的研究，目前多局限于对先秦专书文献的研究，对于中古及近代汉语专书研究很少。本文选取中古时期一部具有代表性的文献著作《世说新语》作为研究对象，从共时和历时两个角度对其中的实词反义关系做一个整体性研究。 绪论部分对《世说新语》的语料价值及古汉语反义词的研究历史与现状作了简要的说明，揭示《世说新语》的研究价值，同时对反义词和实词的界定和判定标准作了简单的介绍。 从第二章开始本文首先对反义词、实词依据一定的判定标准，采用穷尽式地定量分析法，对《世说新语》中的实词反义关系进行归纳总结；然后再从分类、存在形式和多边关系三个角度对所归纳出的反义词进行共时的描写分析，进而总结出《世说新语》实词反义关系的特点；最后采用共时与历时相结合的方法，对共时分析结果中的部分常用反义词做历时比较研究，并对其演变原因进行深入地探讨分析。 通过对《世说新语》实词反义关系的共时与历时的具体分析，我们得出的结论是：《世说》中的反义词数量众多且使用频繁，其中形容词、动词、名词占了绝对优势；反义词的不均衡性明显；表意效果强烈显著；存在形式的多样性；语义对应关系复杂且不平衡；反义关系历史演变情况多样，演变原因纷繁复杂等。这一研究结论对中古汉语反义关系研究甚至对整个词汇系统的研究都具有一定的参考价值，同时也可以为我们将来建立完整的古汉语词汇系统提供一定的帮助。
[Abstract]:Like synonymous relation, antisense relation is one of the important meaning relations in language. The research on antonyms of ancient Chinese is mostly limited to the literature of pre-Qin monographs, but little has been done on Chinese monographs in mid-ancient and modern times. In this paper, a representative literature work, "Shi Shuo Xin Yu", is chosen as the research object, and a holistic study on the relationship between the truth and antonym is made from the perspective of synchronic and diachronic. In the introduction, the author briefly explains the corpus value of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu" and the research history and present situation of the antonym in ancient Chinese, and reveals the research value of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu". At the same time, the definition and judgment criteria of antonyms and positives are briefly introduced. From the beginning of the second chapter, this paper firstly summarizes the antonym and the antonym relation in Shi Shuo Xin Yu by means of exhaustive quantitative analysis based on certain judgment criteria. Then from the three angles of classification, existence form and multilateral relationship, the synchronic description and analysis of the antonyms are carried out, and then the characteristics of the antonym relation are summarized from the perspective of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu" and "Shi Shuo Xin Yu". Finally, the synchronic and diachronic methods are used to make a diachronic comparative study on some antonyms commonly used in the synchronic analysis results, and the causes of its evolution are discussed and analyzed in depth. Based on the synchronic and diachronic analysis of the synchronic and diachronic relationship between the antonyms of Shi Shuo Xin Yu, we draw the conclusion that the antonyms in Shi Shuo are numerous and frequently used, in which adjectives, verbs and nouns occupy the absolute advantage; The imbalance of antonyms is obvious; the ideographic effect is strong; the forms of existence are diverse; the semantic correspondence relations are complex and unbalanced; the historical evolution of antonyms is diverse and the evolution reasons are complicated and so on. This conclusion can be used as a reference for the study of the antonym relationship of middle and ancient Chinese, even for the whole vocabulary system, and it can also provide some help for us to establish a complete vocabulary system of ancient Chinese in the future.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H141
本文编号：2447222
[Abstract]:Like synonymous relation, antisense relation is one of the important meaning relations in language. The research on antonyms of ancient Chinese is mostly limited to the literature of pre-Qin monographs, but little has been done on Chinese monographs in mid-ancient and modern times. In this paper, a representative literature work, "Shi Shuo Xin Yu", is chosen as the research object, and a holistic study on the relationship between the truth and antonym is made from the perspective of synchronic and diachronic. In the introduction, the author briefly explains the corpus value of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu" and the research history and present situation of the antonym in ancient Chinese, and reveals the research value of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu". At the same time, the definition and judgment criteria of antonyms and positives are briefly introduced. From the beginning of the second chapter, this paper firstly summarizes the antonym and the antonym relation in Shi Shuo Xin Yu by means of exhaustive quantitative analysis based on certain judgment criteria. Then from the three angles of classification, existence form and multilateral relationship, the synchronic description and analysis of the antonyms are carried out, and then the characteristics of the antonym relation are summarized from the perspective of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu" and "Shi Shuo Xin Yu". Finally, the synchronic and diachronic methods are used to make a diachronic comparative study on some antonyms commonly used in the synchronic analysis results, and the causes of its evolution are discussed and analyzed in depth. Based on the synchronic and diachronic analysis of the synchronic and diachronic relationship between the antonyms of Shi Shuo Xin Yu, we draw the conclusion that the antonyms in Shi Shuo are numerous and frequently used, in which adjectives, verbs and nouns occupy the absolute advantage; The imbalance of antonyms is obvious; the ideographic effect is strong; the forms of existence are diverse; the semantic correspondence relations are complex and unbalanced; the historical evolution of antonyms is diverse and the evolution reasons are complicated and so on. This conclusion can be used as a reference for the study of the antonym relationship of middle and ancient Chinese, even for the whole vocabulary system, and it can also provide some help for us to establish a complete vocabulary system of ancient Chinese in the future.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H141
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本文编号：2447222
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