现代汉语连词“而”的义项分析
发布时间：2019-04-01 19:54
【摘要】：本文基于大规模语料库中的真实文本例子,分析了连词“而”的意义和用法特点,为连词“而”设立三个义项：1、并列连词“而1”,“而1”包括表示等立型并列关系的“而1a”和表示转折型并列关系的“而1b”。2、连接状中式的“而2”。3、话语标记“而3”。在此基础上,我们对比了“而”与其他表达相近意义的连词之间的区别,并说明了“而”各个义项之间的扩展途径。 “而,a”是最基本、最无标记的用法,“而,b”表示对比转折,前后两部分同等重要。状语和中心语之间的“而2”仍为连词,主要格式为“VP1+而2+VP2”和“PP/cP+而2+VP”,主要功能为事件分界标记和焦点标记,帮助一个有结构歧义的线性序列消除歧义,并在语流中突出状语这一自然焦点。 “而”作为话语标记这一功能是前人未曾提到的,“而3”起到切换话题的作用,在书面语常用“而3+无定名词主语”格式,引出一个新的参与者与一个新的事件；在口语中常用“而3+话题+(呢)”、“CP1+语气词+,+而3+CP2”格式,引出一个新的话题,并且可以重复使用,多次切换话题。用“而3”连接的两个片段只代表一个言语举动,“而3”总是处于一个话轮内部。
[Abstract]:Based on the real text examples in the large-scale corpus, this paper analyzes the meaning and usage characteristics of the conjunction "Zhong", and "establishes three meanings for the conjunction": 1, the parallel conjunction "and 1", "and 1" includes "and 1a" which denotes isometric juxtaposition relationship and "and1b" representing transitional juxtaposition relation. 2, "and 2". 3, and discourse marker "and 3" in Chinese style of concatenation. On this basis, we compare the difference between "and" and other conjunctions which express similar meanings, and explain the ways of extending the meanings of "and". While "a" is the most basic and unmarked use, "b" means a contrastive turning point, with the two parts being equally important. "and 2" between adverbial and central language is still a conjunction, the main format is "VP1 and 2 VP2" and "PP/cP and 2 VP". The main function is event demarcation mark and focus mark to help a linear sequence with structural ambiguity to eliminate ambiguity. And highlight adverbial in the language flow this natural focus. The function of "and" as a discourse marker has not been mentioned before, and "and 3" has the function of changing the topic. In written language, "and 3" is often used in the form of "and 3 indefinite noun subject", which leads to a new participant and a new event; In oral English, "and 3 topics (ah)", "CP1 modal words, and 3 CP2" format, lead to a new topic, and can be used repeatedly, switching topics many times. The two fragments connected with "and 3" represent only one speech act, and "3" is always in the inner part of a conversation wheel.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2451851
[Abstract]:Based on the real text examples in the large-scale corpus, this paper analyzes the meaning and usage characteristics of the conjunction "Zhong", and "establishes three meanings for the conjunction": 1, the parallel conjunction "and 1", "and 1" includes "and 1a" which denotes isometric juxtaposition relationship and "and1b" representing transitional juxtaposition relation. 2, "and 2". 3, and discourse marker "and 3" in Chinese style of concatenation. On this basis, we compare the difference between "and" and other conjunctions which express similar meanings, and explain the ways of extending the meanings of "and". While "a" is the most basic and unmarked use, "b" means a contrastive turning point, with the two parts being equally important. "and 2" between adverbial and central language is still a conjunction, the main format is "VP1 and 2 VP2" and "PP/cP and 2 VP". The main function is event demarcation mark and focus mark to help a linear sequence with structural ambiguity to eliminate ambiguity. And highlight adverbial in the language flow this natural focus. The function of "and" as a discourse marker has not been mentioned before, and "and 3" has the function of changing the topic. In written language, "and 3" is often used in the form of "and 3 indefinite noun subject", which leads to a new participant and a new event; In oral English, "and 3 topics (ah)", "CP1 modal words, and 3 CP2" format, lead to a new topic, and can be used repeatedly, switching topics many times. The two fragments connected with "and 3" represent only one speech act, and "3" is always in the inner part of a conversation wheel.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146
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