趋向词“起来”“下去”比较研究

发布时间：2019-06-06 00:44

【摘要】：本文主要针对趋向词“起来”“下去”做趋向补语时的语法意义及其空间位移的路径模式、语法化进程以及基于语法化而成为体标记、与动词或形容词组合时的选择限制等方面进行比较研究。本文绪论部分主要介绍了国内外研究现状,本课题的研究的意义和内容、以及关于选题的依据和研究思路。第一章主要讨论了“起来”“下去”在补语位置上的语义分类,传统语法将其概念分为：趋向意义、结果意义、状态意义,而如果从认知语法的观点出发,运用空间位移概念比较二者在主观参照点以及在移动性、位移性上的差异。我们认为这方面的研究有助于充分了解与二者同类的复合趋向词的空间位移模式。第二章是在第一章的基础上主要探讨“起来”“下去”的不同语法化进程,是如何由具体空间意义引申出抽象空间意义和非空间意义。并分析二者在语法化路径及程度上有何区别,总结出导致“起来”“下去”语法化上的不平衡的最根本原因是二者的基本实际意义的不同。其次,还论证了“起来”“下去”由于语法化而成为了体标记,总结出动后趋向词虽然经历了语法化,但其动词性功能仍然存在,所以其词性具有虚实相间的特点。第三章主要探讨“起来”“下去”与动词、形容词组配时的选择限制,总结出与他们分别组合的动词、形容词在数量、频率、表达意义上的差异,并对这些动词、形容词进行归类。最后是结语,概括本文主要内容和观点,并指出本文研究中有待深挖的地方。研究中主要采用了认知语法的“空间位移”、“语法化”等理论作为本文的支撑,将共时和历时研究相结合,力图发掘出二者的共性和个性。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly aims at the grammatical meaning of the trend word "up" and "going down" and the path mode of its spatial displacement, the process of grammaticalization and the formation of aspect markers based on grammaticalization. This paper makes a comparative study with the choice restriction of verb or adjective combination. The introduction part of this paper mainly introduces the research status at home and abroad, the significance and content of this topic, as well as the basis and research ideas of the topic. The first chapter mainly discusses the semantic classification of "up" and "going down" in complement position. The traditional grammar divides its concept into: trend meaning, result meaning, state meaning, and if from the point of view of cognitive grammar, The concept of spatial displacement is used to compare the differences in subjective reference points, mobility and displacement between the two. We think that the research in this field is helpful to fully understand the spatial displacement model of compound directional words similar to the two. The second chapter mainly discusses the different grammaticalization processes of "getting up" and "going down" on the basis of the first chapter, how to derive abstract spatial meaning and non-spatial meaning from the concrete spatial meaning. The differences in grammaticalization path and degree between the two are analyzed, and it is concluded that the most fundamental reason for the imbalance in grammaticalization is the difference of basic practical meaning between the two. Secondly, it is also proved that "up" and "going down" have become stylistic marks because of grammaticalization. Although the trend words have experienced grammaticalization, their verb function still exists, so their parts of speech have the characteristics of virtual and real. The third chapter mainly discusses the choice restrictions of "up" and "going down" and verbs and adjectives, summarizes the differences in quantity, frequency and expression of verbs and adjectives combined with them respectively, and makes a conclusion of the differences in quantity, frequency and expression of these verbs. Adjectives are classified. The last is the conclusion, which summarizes the main contents and viewpoints of this paper, and points out the areas to be further explored in this paper. In the study, the theories of "spatial displacement" and "grammaticalization" of cognitive grammar are mainly used as the support of this paper, and the synchronic and diachronic studies are combined to find out the commonness and individuality of the two.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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