“A了去了”格式及相关问题研究

发布时间：2019-06-19 17:37

【摘要】：“A了去了”是现代汉语普通话里后起的述补结构。从目前使用来看，尚不广泛，但正在逐步发展且被越来越多的人接受。由于它在句法、语义、语用等方面的特殊性，我们有必要对其进行描写和解释。所以，我们试着从多角度对“A了去了”进行分析和考察，以期能对该格式有一个相对全面的认识。第一章为绪论部分。主要介绍了论文的选题意义、研究现状、研究的主要问题、研究方法、语料来源等。第二章主要从共时层面着手，结合“A了去了”在现代汉语普通话中的使用情况，分析其句法、语义、语用属性。“A了去了”格式一般用在句末，常作谓语、补语；典型的语义为程度义，，同时也具有比较义；基于语义上的属性，可得知其表达的是主观量，并对预期信息量有突显的作用。第三章运用构式理论对“A了去了”进行分析，首先对形容词、“了”等构件进行分析，然后对其构式义进行总结。继而运用语法化理论、认知语言学理论等，试着厘清其来源。第四章将“A了去了”和“A极了”进行比较。首先是共时层面的比较，主要是从对形容词的选择、句法分布以及语用功能等角度着手。接着，从历时角度，分析“去”、“极”的句法、语义属性的差异，进而探讨其差异性存在的原因。第五章主要从方言的角度来论述。先对“去”在方言中的用法作简单的归纳，然后重点论述“去”置于形容词之后表示程度高的用法。该用法在方言中的使用较为广泛，不仅限于“A了去了”这样固定形式，其表现形式较为自由、灵活。并且，我们也发现方言和方言、普通话和方言在该格式的用法上还存在着不同。第六章是结语部分，主要是对论文探讨的主要内容进行总结，并概括本文可能的创新点。
[Abstract]:"A has gone" is the complement structure from the beginning of modern Chinese Putonghua. From the point of view of current use, it is not extensive, but it is gradually developing and being accepted by more and more people. Because of its particularity in syntax, semantics, pragmatics and so on, it is necessary for us to describe and explain it. Therefore, we try to analyze and investigate "A has gone" from many angles, in order to have a relatively comprehensive understanding of the format. The first chapter is the introduction. This paper mainly introduces the significance of the topic selection, the research status, the main problems, the research methods, the source of corpus and so on. The second chapter mainly starts from the synchronic level, combined with the use of "A" in modern Chinese Putonghua, analyzes its syntactic, semantic and pragmatic attributes. "A has gone" format is generally used at the end of the sentence, often used as predicate, complement; the typical semantics is degree meaning, but also has a comparative meaning; based on the semantic attribute, we can know that it expresses the subjective quantity and plays a prominent role in the expected amount of information. In the third chapter, the construction theory is used to analyze "A has gone". First, the adjectives, "have" and other components are analyzed, and then the meaning of the construction is summarized. Then, using grammaticalization theory, cognitive linguistics theory and so on, try to clarify its source. The fourth chapter compares "A went" with "A Super". The first is the comparison at the synchronic level, mainly from the perspective of adjective selection, syntactic distribution and pragmatic functions. Then, from the diachronic point of view, this paper analyzes the differences in syntax and semantic attributes of "go" and "pole", and then discusses the reasons for the differences. The fifth chapter mainly discusses from the perspective of dialect. This paper first summarizes the usage of "go" in dialect, and then focuses on the use of "go" after adjectives. This usage is widely used in dialects, not only in the fixed form of "A gone", but also in its free and flexible form of expression. Moreover, we also find that dialects and dialects, Putonghua and dialects are still different in the use of this format. The sixth chapter is the conclusion part, mainly summarizes the main content of the paper, and summarizes the possible innovation of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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