职业译员与非职业译员处理政论语体信息方式方法的对比研究
发布时间：2019-06-29 06:59
【摘要】：目前,我国的俄汉口译研究还处于初步发展阶段。从研究成果上看,涵盖主题仍比较狭窄,主要集中于口译职业化发展道路、口译教学项目、口译笔记探析、译员必备素质、译员的角色定位、跨文化交际、职业道德题等几个理论性比较强的方面。受俄汉口译语料库条件的限制,在口译认知过程研究、信息处理技巧策略、口译的人际互动等实践性比较强的方面鲜有成果。即使有,也只是单一简略地讨论在口译过程中信息处理的某个技巧,例如补译、简译、选词、词序调整,某个策略例如停顿、纠正、忽略、整理等一个方面的内容。但是在现实的口译工作中,译员会遇到许多无法预料到的问题,不可能用同一种方法就能应付整场翻译中出现的问题,而在现阶段关于这方面的综合性研究成果则是少之又少。 并且,目前在口译行业活跃的仅仅有少部分人是取得相关资格证书、掌握专业技能的职业译员,更多的还是由高校教师、外语学生、会说外语的其他行业的社会工作人员等组成的非职业译员队伍。专业译者除了具备优秀的双语能力、熟练的口译技能之外,还综合了技能与策略的综合运用以及专业知识与百科知识的掌握等,他们的信息处理方式及翻译质量与非职业译员相比有很大的区别。因此,本论文研究的目的则是,透过职业译员和非职业译员的口译表现,比较他们在政论语体中在语言、技巧及策略运用上的异同,并归纳出职业译员与非职业译员处理信息的优缺点。藉此,盼能对口译员的专业能力可有更精准的描述,同时透过具体而有论据的条理化分析,为口译教学与口译质量评估,提供更贴近实务的运作模式。 本文的创新之处在于：一、归纳概括了职业译员和非职业译员的特点。二、将口译理论和修辞学的理论知识结合起来。通过对政论语体的语用特点、适用场合和政论语体中对口译的要求的阐述,对比了职业译员和非职业译员在政论语体口译中信息处理的情况。三、用大量生动的例子而不是纯理论描述论证了在口译过程中职业译员和非职业译员的心理素质和职业道德遵守情况。 本论文主体部分由四章构成：第一章对口译的历史与发展以及口译人员的职业化进展做了详细的阐述,并统计口译人员在社会各行各业分别所占比重；第二章阐述了政论语体的特点、适用场合以及政论语体对口译话语的要求；第三章通过对职业译员口译材料的收集、归纳、分析、整理,分析了其翻译特点；第四章通过对非职业译员口译材料的收集、归纳、分析、整理,分析了其翻译特点。 研究得出的结论有： 1.职业译员掌握语言、翻译、沟通技巧,熟悉所属工作领域的专业术语,是以口译为生的一类专业人员。他们持有专业资格证书,有一定的工作年数,并且严格遵守职业道德。反之,则为非职业译员。 2.职业译员在口译人员总数中只占10-11%。在某一具体行业中工作的口译人员占口译从业者总数超过30%,并且在经贸、能源、电子科技、机械及文化教育等领域工作的口译者人数相对多于其在法律、矿业与传媒领域的人数。除此之外,研究显示,专门翻译某一具体行业材料的口译从业者在公司企业的的比重高于其在翻译机构的比重,若翻译工作没有行业之分的话,情况刚好相反。 3.由于在使用政论语体的正式场合的政治性非常明显,话语模糊委婉,用词极有分寸；其措词经过反复雕琢推敲,语段逻辑性强,表达风格极为正式；因此在此场合的口译特别注重翻译的准确性、完整性和逻辑性。 4.职业译员在口译的接受信息和理解阶段一般都能脱离语言外壳,析出语义,正确理解原文意图。在译出阶段职业译员会适当剔除多余信息,保留关键信息进而构建语篇,并且会对语篇中出现的错误进行自我监测和自我修正。得益于平时的训练和积累的经验,职业译员一般都具备良好的心理素质,在口译工作中严格遵守职业道德,具备专业素质和责任心。 5.非职业译员特别是外语院校的学生在口译的接受信息和理解阶段脱离语言外壳的能力较差,他们在听辨时善于攫取词汇,将更多的注意力集中在词汇的发音、正字法、语法结构和外语用词等方面,却忽略了对上下文的理解、语篇逻辑及话语内容等关键性的方面,犯了“只见树木不见森林”的错误。非职业译员没有经过系统规范的口译训练,心理素质逊于职业译员,在口译中经常犯处理信息不当的错误,违背了口译“准确性”和“完整性”的原则,职业操守还应加强。 总之,职业译员与非职业译员在政论语体中处理信息的方式及其他口译情况有很大的区别。比较这两者的区别可以为口以教学与评估提供一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:At present, the Chinese translation of Chinese-Russian translation is still in the preliminary stage of development. From the research results, the covering theme is still narrow, mainly in the aspects of the professional development of the interpretation, the interpretation teaching project, the analysis of the interpretation notes, the necessary quality of the interpreters, the role localization of the interpreters, the cross-cultural communication and the professional ethics. The limitation of the Chinese-Russian translation corpus condition has few achievements in the aspects of the cognitive process of interpretation, the strategy of information processing, the interpersonal interaction of interpretation and so on. Even if there is, it is only a single brief discussion of some of the techniques of information processing in the process of interpretation, such as the content of one aspect, such as the retranslation, the translation, the selection of words, the adjustment of the word order, a strategy such as the pause, the correction, the neglect, the arrangement and the like. But in the reality of interpretation, the interpreter will encounter many unforeseen problems, and it is impossible to deal with the problems in the whole translation with the same method, and the comprehensive research results in this stage at the present stage are few. In addition, only a small part of the active in the interpretation industry is the non-professional translators, including the relevant qualification certificates, professional interpreters with professional skills, more, and the social workers of other industries, such as the university teachers, foreign language students and other industries, which will speak foreign languages. In addition to the excellent bilingual ability and skilled interpretation skills, the professional translators have integrated the comprehensive application of skills and strategies, and the knowledge and knowledge, and their information processing methods and the translation quality have a large area compared with the non-professional interpreters. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to compare the similarities and differences between the use of language, skill and strategy in the discourse of political discourse through the interpretation of professional and non-professional interpreters, and to sum up the shortage of professional and non-professional interpreters. To provide more precise description of the professional competence of the interpreters, and to provide more practical operating modes for interpretation and interpretation quality assessment through the specific and practical analysis of the physical and chemical analysis. The innovation of this paper is as follows:1. It summarizes the professional and non-professional translators. The theory of interpretation and the theoretical knowledge of rhetoric. On the basis of the discussion of the pragmatic features, the application and the demands of the interpretation, the paper compared the information processing of the professional and non-professional interpreters in the interpretation of the political discourse. 3. Demonstrates the psychological quality and professional ethics of the professional and non-professional interpreters in the process of interpretation by a lot of vivid examples rather than the pure theory. The main part of this thesis is composed of four chapters: the first chapter expounds the history and development of the interpretation and the professional progress of the interpretation personnel, and the statistics of the specific gravity of the interpreters in all walks of life; and the second chapter expounds the political theory. The third chapter, through the collection, induction, analysis and arrangement of the interpretation materials of the professional interpreters, analyzes the characteristics of the translation, and the fourth chapter, through the collection and induction of the interpretation materials of the non-professional interpreters, analyze, sort, and analyze the characteristics of its translation The conclusion is as follows:1. The professional interpreters have the skills of language, translation and communication, and are familiar with the technical terms in the field of work, and are based on interpretation A class of professionals who make a living. They hold a professional qualification, have a number of years of work, and And strictly abide by the professional ethics. In that case of a non-professional interpreter. Only 10-11 per cent of the total number of interpreters working in a particular sector accounts for more than 30 per cent of the total number of interpreters and the number of interpreters working in the fields of trade, energy, electronic science, technology, machinery and education is more than in law In addition to this, the study shows that the specific gravity of an interpreter who is specialized in the translation of a particular industry material is higher in the company's enterprise than in the translation agency, and if the translation does not have an industry In the case of the formal occasion of the use of the political discourse, the situation is just the opposite.3. Because of the very obvious political nature of the formal occasion of the use of the political discourse, the words are vague and euphemisms, and the words are of great importance; the wording of the language has been repeatedly carved, the logic of the segment is strong, and the expression style is very formal; therefore, in this case with special emphasis on turning over The accuracy, completeness and logic of the translation. In the course of the translation, the translator will properly eliminate the excess information, keep the key information and construct the text, and it will be out of the text. The current mistakes are self-monitoring and self-correction. Thanks to the usual training and accumulated experience, the professional interpreters generally have good psychological quality and are strictly adhered to in the interpretation Professional ethics, professional quality and sense of responsibility.5. Non-professional interpreters, in particular foreign language colleges, have a poor ability to get out of the language housing at the time of receiving the information and understanding of the interpretation, they are good at grasping the vocabulary at the time of listening, and focus more attention on the pronunciation of the words The key aspects such as the understanding of the context, the discourse logic and the content of the discourse are ignored in the aspects of the understanding of the context, the discourse logic and the content of the discourse. e. ". Non-professional interpreters are not trained by system-specific interpretation, and the psychological quality is inferior to professional interpreters. In the interpretation, improper handling of information is a violation of the interpretation "accuracy" and the" integer "< The principle of "/ trunk>" should be strengthened. In general, professional and non-professional interpreters are in the political discourse There is a great difference between the way of the information and the situation of his interpretation. The difference between the two is the difference.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H059
本文编号：2507636
[Abstract]:At present, the Chinese translation of Chinese-Russian translation is still in the preliminary stage of development. From the research results, the covering theme is still narrow, mainly in the aspects of the professional development of the interpretation, the interpretation teaching project, the analysis of the interpretation notes, the necessary quality of the interpreters, the role localization of the interpreters, the cross-cultural communication and the professional ethics. The limitation of the Chinese-Russian translation corpus condition has few achievements in the aspects of the cognitive process of interpretation, the strategy of information processing, the interpersonal interaction of interpretation and so on. Even if there is, it is only a single brief discussion of some of the techniques of information processing in the process of interpretation, such as the content of one aspect, such as the retranslation, the translation, the selection of words, the adjustment of the word order, a strategy such as the pause, the correction, the neglect, the arrangement and the like. But in the reality of interpretation, the interpreter will encounter many unforeseen problems, and it is impossible to deal with the problems in the whole translation with the same method, and the comprehensive research results in this stage at the present stage are few. In addition, only a small part of the active in the interpretation industry is the non-professional translators, including the relevant qualification certificates, professional interpreters with professional skills, more, and the social workers of other industries, such as the university teachers, foreign language students and other industries, which will speak foreign languages. In addition to the excellent bilingual ability and skilled interpretation skills, the professional translators have integrated the comprehensive application of skills and strategies, and the knowledge and knowledge, and their information processing methods and the translation quality have a large area compared with the non-professional interpreters. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to compare the similarities and differences between the use of language, skill and strategy in the discourse of political discourse through the interpretation of professional and non-professional interpreters, and to sum up the shortage of professional and non-professional interpreters. To provide more precise description of the professional competence of the interpreters, and to provide more practical operating modes for interpretation and interpretation quality assessment through the specific and practical analysis of the physical and chemical analysis. The innovation of this paper is as follows:1. It summarizes the professional and non-professional translators. The theory of interpretation and the theoretical knowledge of rhetoric. On the basis of the discussion of the pragmatic features, the application and the demands of the interpretation, the paper compared the information processing of the professional and non-professional interpreters in the interpretation of the political discourse. 3. Demonstrates the psychological quality and professional ethics of the professional and non-professional interpreters in the process of interpretation by a lot of vivid examples rather than the pure theory. The main part of this thesis is composed of four chapters: the first chapter expounds the history and development of the interpretation and the professional progress of the interpretation personnel, and the statistics of the specific gravity of the interpreters in all walks of life; and the second chapter expounds the political theory. The third chapter, through the collection, induction, analysis and arrangement of the interpretation materials of the professional interpreters, analyzes the characteristics of the translation, and the fourth chapter, through the collection and induction of the interpretation materials of the non-professional interpreters, analyze, sort, and analyze the characteristics of its translation The conclusion is as follows:1. The professional interpreters have the skills of language, translation and communication, and are familiar with the technical terms in the field of work, and are based on interpretation A class of professionals who make a living. They hold a professional qualification, have a number of years of work, and And strictly abide by the professional ethics. In that case of a non-professional interpreter. Only 10-11 per cent of the total number of interpreters working in a particular sector accounts for more than 30 per cent of the total number of interpreters and the number of interpreters working in the fields of trade, energy, electronic science, technology, machinery and education is more than in law In addition to this, the study shows that the specific gravity of an interpreter who is specialized in the translation of a particular industry material is higher in the company's enterprise than in the translation agency, and if the translation does not have an industry In the case of the formal occasion of the use of the political discourse, the situation is just the opposite.3. Because of the very obvious political nature of the formal occasion of the use of the political discourse, the words are vague and euphemisms, and the words are of great importance; the wording of the language has been repeatedly carved, the logic of the segment is strong, and the expression style is very formal; therefore, in this case with special emphasis on turning over The accuracy, completeness and logic of the translation. In the course of the translation, the translator will properly eliminate the excess information, keep the key information and construct the text, and it will be out of the text. The current mistakes are self-monitoring and self-correction. Thanks to the usual training and accumulated experience, the professional interpreters generally have good psychological quality and are strictly adhered to in the interpretation Professional ethics, professional quality and sense of responsibility.5. Non-professional interpreters, in particular foreign language colleges, have a poor ability to get out of the language housing at the time of receiving the information and understanding of the interpretation, they are good at grasping the vocabulary at the time of listening, and focus more attention on the pronunciation of the words The key aspects such as the understanding of the context, the discourse logic and the content of the discourse are ignored in the aspects of the understanding of the context, the discourse logic and the content of the discourse. e. ". Non-professional interpreters are not trained by system-specific interpretation, and the psychological quality is inferior to professional interpreters. In the interpretation, improper handling of information is a violation of the interpretation "accuracy" and the" integer "< The principle of "/ trunk>" should be strengthened. In general, professional and non-professional interpreters are in the political discourse There is a great difference between the way of the information and the situation of his interpretation. The difference between the two is the difference.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H059
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