汉韩量词和名词选择关系比较研究

发布时间：2019-07-09 14:13

【摘要】：量词的功能主要可以分为两类：对名词进行分类化和对名词进行数量化。在汉语和韩语里,量词是不可缺少的成分,并且在这两种语言中,量词的使用具有一定的约定性和规律性。本文主要比较汉语和韩语在量词与名词选择关系上的异同,通过对两种语言中量词和名词选择关系的描写,试图进一步从认知的角度探讨名词和量词的选择关系及理据。事实上,在这一选择过程中,量词与名词的关系并不是对等的,而有主次之分。量词又被称作分类词,量词对名词的选择从某种程度上说是对名词范畴的分类,因此名词的性质和语义决定了对量词的选择,即名词是主,量词是次,名词处于选择关系的主导地位,量词处于从属地位。尽管如此,量词并不是完全被动的,在一定条件下,量词对名词具有一定的制约作用,只有辩证地看待这种关系,才能对量词和名词的选择关系有一个全面的认识。本文的第一章是两国语言学者对于量词的定名及分类方法的不同,以及两国对于量词的研究现状。通过研究综述可以看出汉语和韩语中量词研究的地位及价值。主要根据韩国学者(?)(?)(?)的分类方式,将量词分为与人物性名词组合的量词,与动物性名词组合的量词和与植物性名词组合的量词三类,从这三个方面比较两国语言在选择关系上的异同。第二章、第三章、第四章分别描写了汉语和韩语中人物性、动物性与植物性这三类量词与名词的选择关系,并讨论两国语言的异同。具体的研究方法是通过语料的整理,逐个分析,系统比较。通过本文的调查,在描写的基础上,又进一步比较出影响两国语言量词使用的文化因素和认知因素。这不仅有利于两国语言的共识比较,而且希望对两国留学生的汉语学习和韩语学习起到一定帮助作用。
[Abstract]:The function of classifiers can be divided into two categories: the classification of nouns and the quantification of nouns. In Chinese and Korean, classifiers are indispensable components, and in these two languages, the use of classifiers has certain reducibility and regularity. This paper mainly compares the similarities and differences between Chinese and Korean in the relationship between classifiers and noun selection. Through the description of the relationship between classifiers and noun selection in the two languages, this paper attempts to further explore the relationship and motivation between noun and noun selection from a cognitive point of view. In fact, in the process of this choice, the relationship between classifiers and nouns is not equal, but is divided into primary and secondary. Classifiers are also called classifiers. To some extent, the choice of classifiers to nouns is the classification of noun categories. Therefore, the nature and semantics of nouns determine the choice of classifiers, that is, the noun is the subject, the quantifier is secondary, the noun is in the dominant position of the selection relationship, and the quantifier is in a subordinate position. However, classifiers are not completely passive. Under certain conditions, classifiers have a certain restrictive effect on nouns. Only by looking at this relationship dialectically can we have a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between classifiers and nouns. The first chapter of this paper is the differences in the naming and classification methods of classifiers between the linguists of the two countries, as well as the research status of classifiers in the two countries. Through the review of the research, we can see the position and value of the study of classifiers in Chinese and Korean. Mainly based on Korean scholars (?) The classifiers are divided into three categories: the classifiers with the combination of human nouns, the classifiers with the combination of animal nouns and the classifiers with the combination of plant nouns. The similarities and differences in the selection relationship between the two languages are compared from these three aspects. The second chapter, the third chapter and the fourth chapter describe the relationship between human nature, animal nature and plant nature in Chinese and Korean, and discuss the similarities and differences between the two languages. The specific research method is through the collation of corpus, one by one analysis, systematic comparison. Through the investigation of this paper, on the basis of description, the cultural and cognitive factors that affect the use of linguistic classifiers in the two countries are further compared. This is not only beneficial to the consensus comparison between the two languages, but also hopes to play a certain role in Chinese learning and Korean learning for foreign students from the two countries.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H146;H55

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