英汉“冰”、“雪”概念隐喻的文化认知研究
发布时间：2020-11-06 05:32
传统的隐喻观认为隐喻只是一种修辞手段,仅仅是一种语言现象。体验现实主义与经验主义哲学的提出为隐喻的认知观提供了基础假设。在语言学中,隐喻不仅仅是语言的一个方面,而是一种特定的心理映射与神经共激活形式,它极大影响人们在生活中思考、推理和想象的方式。根据概念隐喻理论,概念隐喻是两个认知域的映射,其中一个域即源域通常比另一个域即目标域更具体。而两个域之间的映射是基于人们的体验经验。任何的认知与体验本质上都与文化相关,因此越来越多的学者开始关注文化及社会因素是如何影响人类理解这些体验以及建立在这些体验基础上的概念隐喻。天气是一种与人们日常生活息息相关的重要自然现象,常作为源域来描述人们生活中遇到的各种情景和解释各种抽象概念。以往对天气的研究主要集中在对“风”和“雨”的隐喻研究上。基于语料,本文试图通过对英汉两种语言中“冰”与“雪”的隐喻用法进行比较研究,具体拟解决以下两个问题:(1)在英汉两种语言中,“冰”与“雪”的隐喻各自有何普遍性与差异性?(2)如何从文化认知角度来解释这些普遍性与差异性?在对从字典与在线语料库收集的语料进行分析后,研究的主要发现如下:(1)人类对冰、雪的隐喻性构建和识解是通过始源域和目标域之间的一系列特定的映射实现的。通过分析,本文在类属层面概括出了四个英汉共有的冰概念隐喻,三个雪概念隐喻。除此之外,本文还确定了一些类属层面及特定层面具有跨文化差异的冰概念隐喻与雪概念隐喻。(2)在对“冰”与“雪”隐喻的跨文化普遍性作出解释时,我们发现:基于人类经验事实,英汉存在相似的冰与雪典型认知模型,这将激发出人类跨文化构建冰与雪隐喻的潜能。(3)不同的体验经验与不同的认知偏好共同导致了跨文化的冰隐喻与雪隐喻差异。尤其是不同的冰文化模型与雪文化模型使冰典型认知模型和雪典型认知模型中的不同方面得以突出,从而导致突显的冰隐喻与雪隐喻呈现差异。而相同始源域下某些概念的不同认知和文化模型造成了属类层面同一冰隐喻与雪隐喻概念下具体呈现的差异。英汉“冰”、“雪”隐喻的对比分析有助于探索“冰”、“雪”概念的隐喻构建,及其与人类认知体验的内在关系。同时该研究也表明英汉两种语言中“冰”、“雪”隐喻的相似与差异之处源于人类的认知模型与文化模型,对跨文化交际有一定的启示意义。
【学位单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位年份】：2018
【中图分类】：H15;H315
【文章目录】：
Acknowledgements
Abstract
摘要
Chapter One Introduction
1.1 Research Background
1.2 Research Questions and Significance
1.3 Research Methodology
1.4 Organization of the Thesis
Chapter Two Literature Review
2.1 Research on Metaphor Study
2.1.1 Traditional Views of Metaphor
2.1.2 Cognitive Views of Metaphor
2.1.3 Cultural Views of Metaphor
2.2 Studies of Metaphor for Weather
2.2.1 Studies of Metaphor for Weather Abroad
2.2.2 Studies of Metaphor for Weather at Home
2.3 Summary
Chapter Three Theoretical Foundation
3.1 Conceptual Metaphor Theory
3.1.1 The Classification of Conceptual Metaphor
3.1.2 Working Mechanism of Conceptual Metaphor
3.1.3 University and Variation of Cross-cultural Metaphor
3.2 Cognitive Models and Cultural Models
3.2.1 Cognitive Models
3.2.2 Cultural Models
3.3 Summary
Chapter Four Metaphors for ICE and SNOW in Chinese and English
4.1 Metaphors for ICE
4.1.1 Similarities of ICE Metaphors in Chinese and English
4.1.2 Differences of ICE Metaphors across Chinese and English
4.1.2.1 Chinese-specific Metaphors for ICE
4.1.2.2 English-specific Metaphors for ICE
4.1.3 Summary
4.2 Metaphors for SNOW
4.2.1 Similarities of SNOW metaphor in both Chinese and English
4.2.2 Differences of SNOW Metaphors across Chinese and English
4.2.2.1 Chinese-specific Metaphors for SNOW
4.2.2.2 English-specific Metaphors for SNOW
4.2.3 Summary
Chapter Five Cultural Interpretations on Metaphor for ICE and SNOW in Chinese and English
5.1 Interpretation on Cross-cultural Universality of Metaphors for ICE and SNOW
5.1.1 Similar Prototypical Cognitive Models of Snow and ICE
5.1.2 Shared Embodied Experiences of Source Domains
5.2 Interpretation on Cross-cultural Variations of Metaphors for ICE and SNOW
5.2.1 Differential Experience
5.2.2 Differential Cognitive Preferences and Styles
5.3 Summary
Chapter Six Conclusion
6.1 Major Findings and Implications
6.2 Limitations and Prospects for Future Research
References
【参考文献】
本文编号：2872717
【学位单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位年份】：2018
【中图分类】：H15;H315
【文章目录】：
Acknowledgements
Abstract
摘要
Chapter One Introduction
1.1 Research Background
1.2 Research Questions and Significance
1.3 Research Methodology
1.4 Organization of the Thesis
Chapter Two Literature Review
2.1 Research on Metaphor Study
2.1.1 Traditional Views of Metaphor
2.1.2 Cognitive Views of Metaphor
2.1.3 Cultural Views of Metaphor
2.2 Studies of Metaphor for Weather
2.2.1 Studies of Metaphor for Weather Abroad
2.2.2 Studies of Metaphor for Weather at Home
2.3 Summary
Chapter Three Theoretical Foundation
3.1 Conceptual Metaphor Theory
3.1.1 The Classification of Conceptual Metaphor
3.1.2 Working Mechanism of Conceptual Metaphor
3.1.3 University and Variation of Cross-cultural Metaphor
3.2 Cognitive Models and Cultural Models
3.2.1 Cognitive Models
3.2.2 Cultural Models
3.3 Summary
Chapter Four Metaphors for ICE and SNOW in Chinese and English
4.1 Metaphors for ICE
4.1.1 Similarities of ICE Metaphors in Chinese and English
4.1.2 Differences of ICE Metaphors across Chinese and English
4.1.2.1 Chinese-specific Metaphors for ICE
4.1.2.2 English-specific Metaphors for ICE
4.1.3 Summary
4.2 Metaphors for SNOW
4.2.1 Similarities of SNOW metaphor in both Chinese and English
4.2.2 Differences of SNOW Metaphors across Chinese and English
4.2.2.1 Chinese-specific Metaphors for SNOW
4.2.2.2 English-specific Metaphors for SNOW
4.2.3 Summary
Chapter Five Cultural Interpretations on Metaphor for ICE and SNOW in Chinese and English
5.1 Interpretation on Cross-cultural Universality of Metaphors for ICE and SNOW
5.1.1 Similar Prototypical Cognitive Models of Snow and ICE
5.1.2 Shared Embodied Experiences of Source Domains
5.2 Interpretation on Cross-cultural Variations of Metaphors for ICE and SNOW
5.2.1 Differential Experience
5.2.2 Differential Cognitive Preferences and Styles
5.3 Summary
Chapter Six Conclusion
6.1 Major Findings and Implications
6.2 Limitations and Prospects for Future Research
References
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