滨海盐碱地植物配置研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 05:32

本文关键词：滨海盐碱地植物配置研究　出处：《中国林业科学研究院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：盐碱地作为我国重要的一种土地资源,从内陆到沿海均占有很大比重。由于盐碱土的特殊性,导致该类土壤植被生态系统脆弱,生态环境差。再加上自然因素和人为活动的影响,土壤盐渍化仍在逐年加剧,已经严重制约着滨海城市园林绿化的建设和发展。如何合理开发改良盐碱地,在盐碱地区营造优美的植物景观,使其发挥出最大的生态、景观和社会效益,对于推动滨海盐碱地区生态可持续建设与发展具有十分重要的意义。本文综合运用了文献查阅、实地调查、定性分析、案例总结等研究方法,在滨海盐碱地植物配置等方面进行了以下探讨:1.在实地调查的基础上,通过查阅大量有关文献,对盐碱地绿化改良、盐碱地植物种类选择及配置等方面进行了较为深入的分析和研究,能够为滨海盐碱地区植物景观的营造和绿化配置提供必要的理论指导。2.对北方滨海地区常用的105种耐盐碱园林绿化植物从耐盐碱性、生长特性等不同方面进行分析,形成了从观花、观果、观叶等不同观赏角度的景观价值评价,可为北方滨海盐碱地的景观设计提供较为丰富的植物素材。3.以天津滨海新区某盐碱地区为例,提出植物景观营造应当遵循的设计原则,以滨海盐碱地生态效益、景观效益和经济效益等多种效益合一及创造地域文化特色的标志性植物景观为设计理念,在详细分析其气候、土壤、地貌、植被等自然环境条件基础上,根据其实际条件,进行整体区域规划,形成了以耐盐碱植物为主的景观营造方案设计和特色植物模式配置,最大限度的发挥滨海盐碱地植物群落的生态效益、景观效益、经济效益和文化效益。4.对景观营造方案中的特色植物配置模式进行分析,并提出了滨海盐碱地区斑块景观设计应遵循的以乡土耐盐碱树种为主、高观赏性耐盐碱植物的运用和注重群落物种多样化等三大植物选择配置依据及道路景观设计应遵循的高存活率植物的运用和注重植物景观层次感等两大植物选择配置依据,能够为北方滨海盐碱地区植物景观的营造提供一定的科学依据和示范案例。
[Abstract]:Land as an important land resources in our country, from inland to coastal areas are large proportion. Because of the particularity of saline alkali soil, lead to the soil vegetation ecosystem fragile and poor ecological environment. In addition to the influence of natural factors and human activities, the soil salinization is still in increasing year by year, has been restricted the construction and development of the coastal city landscape. How to reasonable development of saline alkali soil, to create a beautiful landscape in the saline area, and make the best of the ecological, landscape and social benefits, has very important significance to promote the ecological coastal saline area sustainable construction and development. This paper uses literature review, field investigation, qualitative analysis, case summary and other research methods, the following is discussed in the coastal saline land plant configuration: 1. on the basis of field investigation, through consulting a large amount of relevant literature, On the green improvement of saline, conducted an in-depth analysis and Research on saline land plant species selection and configuration, to create and greening plant landscape in coastal saline areas to provide the necessary theoretical guidance of.2. on the northern coastal region of 105 kinds of greening plants in saline resistant Forest Park from saline alkaline tolerance, growth characteristics different aspects of the analysis, from the formation of flower, fruit, leaf and so on Evaluation of the landscape value point of view, for the landscape design of northern coastal land provide abundant plant material.3. in Tianjin Binhai New Area in a saline area as an example, presents the design principles of plant landscape construction, in coastal saline soil ecological, landscape and economic benefits and other benefits and create one symbol of geographical and cultural characteristics of the landscape design concept, the climate in detail, soil, Landform, vegetation and other natural environmental conditions, according to the actual conditions, the overall regional planning, the formation of the plant model design and configuration features to create salt tolerant plants of the landscape, to maximize the ecological benefits of plant communities in coastal saline alkali land landscape benefit analysis, economic benefits and cultural benefits.4. characteristics of plants on the landscape construction scheme of configuration model, and puts forward the landscape design in coastal saline areas should be followed in local salt tolerant species, with high ornamental halophyte species diversity in nature and focus on the three plant landscape design and configuration based on roads should follow the high survival rate of plants and plants to use landscape level sense two plant arrangement basis, provide a scientific basis for the construction of plant landscape and northern coastal saline alkali region Exemplary case.

【学位授予单位】：中国林业科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S731

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