黄土斜坡的坡体结构特征及效应研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 15:03

本文关键词：黄土斜坡的坡体结构特征及效应研究　出处：《兰州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：黄土斜坡是西北地区典型的地貌景观之一,在黄土地区进行西气东输工程、高压输电线路工程等建设时,这些重大工程与黄土斜坡相互作用、相互制约,从而诱发并激增了一系列工程病害与次生灾害,严重制约着城镇建设和重大工程建设。因此,本文以甘肃省内的黄土斜坡为调查对象,结合野外调研资料与室内文献,构建了黄土斜坡的坡体结构概念,并基于坡体结构对黄土斜坡进行了分类,最后采用数值计算探讨了黄土斜坡的坡体结构效应。这将对西部地区黄土斜坡地质灾害的勘察、设计、防治、评价等具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文主要研究成果如下。(1)提出了黄土斜坡的坡体结构概念并总结了黄土斜坡的坡体结构特征。黄土斜坡的坡体结构即黄土斜坡岩土体岩性特征和接触面特征与斜坡临空面特征之间的内在组合关系,黄土斜坡的岩性特征是黄土斜坡区别于其它斜坡类型的本质区别,也是构成黄土斜坡的物质基础；接触面特征是黄土与其下伏岩层的接触关系,不同接触面形态及其与临空面的组合关系对黄土斜坡的演化至关重要；临空面特征是黄土斜坡的外在表现,是产生各类灾害的先决条件。(2)基于坡体结构对黄土斜坡进行了类型划分,并总结了黄土斜坡典型类型的坡体结构基本特征。综合黄土斜坡的坡体结构的重要因素,对黄土斜坡进行了不同层次划分,首先从基岩产状划分为3类,其次根据接触面形态和接触面与临空面的关系将黄土斜坡细分为36小类,并且发现不同基岩产状的黄土斜坡具有不同的坡体结构基本特征。(3)黄土斜坡的坡体结构对黄土斜坡的演化机制和稳定性等方面具有不同的效应。黄土斜坡的坡体结构岩性效应主要表现在黄土中的层状结构及岩性组合对黄土斜坡的稳定性具有明显的“双重效应”；接触面效应主要为接触面形态及其与临空面的组合关系决定黄土斜坡变形破坏的演化过程及破坏模式；临空面效应则主要表现为临空条件决定了黄土斜坡内部的应力分布及大小,直接影响黄土斜坡的稳定性及其可能的变形破坏方式。
[Abstract]:Loess slope is one of the typical landforms in the northwest of China. In the construction of west to east gas transmission project and high voltage transmission line project in loess area, these important projects interact with loess slope and restrict each other. As a result, a series of engineering diseases and secondary disasters were induced and proliferated, which seriously restricted the construction of towns and major projects. Therefore, this paper takes loess slopes in Gansu Province as the investigation object. Combined with field investigation data and indoor literature, the concept of slope body structure of loess slope is constructed, and the loess slope is classified based on slope body structure. Finally, the slope structure effect of loess slope is discussed by numerical calculation, which will investigate, design and prevent the geological hazard of loess slope in the west of China. Evaluation has important theoretical and practical significance. The main research results of this paper are as follows:. This paper puts forward the concept of slope body structure of loess slope and summarizes the slope body structure characteristics of loess slope. Combinatorial relationship. The lithologic characteristic of loess slope is the essential difference between loess slope and other slope types, and it is also the material foundation of loess slope. The contact surface is characterized by the contact relationship between loess and its underlying strata. Different contact surface morphology and its combination with the face of the face are very important for the evolution of loess slope. The characteristics of face face is the external manifestation of loess slope and the precondition of all kinds of disasters. (2) based on the structure of slope, the loess slope is classified. This paper summarizes the basic characteristics of typical types of slope structure of loess slope, synthesizes the important factors of slope structure of loess slope, and classifies loess slope into three types according to the occurrence of bedrock. Secondly, the loess slope is subdivided into 36 subclasses according to the shape of the contact surface and the relationship between the contact surface and the empty surface. It is also found that loess slopes with different bedrock occurrence have different basic characteristics of slope structure. The slope structure of loess slope has different effects on the evolution mechanism and stability of loess slope. The lithologic effect of slope structure of loess slope is mainly manifested in the stratified structure of loess and the combination of lithology and lithology to loess slope. The stability of the. Dual effects "; The contact surface effect mainly determines the evolution process and failure mode of loess slope deformation and failure. On the other hand, the effect of face to air mainly determines the stress distribution and size of loess slope, and directly affects the stability of loess slope and its possible deformation and failure mode.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.22

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