基于生态安全格局的榆林空港区空间布局研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 21:12

本文关键词： 生态安全格局榆林空港区　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国的城市面临着生态保护和经济发展的双重压力,如何有效协调城市发展和生态保护之间的矛盾,实现合理发展和合理保护,已成为学术界和决策部门面对的严峻挑战。近年来,我国大部分城市经历了快速城镇化进程和大规模的土地覆被利用变化,这给区域生态系统的结构和功能带来了严重的破坏,导致了水土资源短缺,水纹调节能力下降,生物栖息地和生物多样性丧失,生态系统的审美、游憩服务质量下降等问题。实践证明:以人口预测为基础的传统城市规划理论,和以建筑、交通基础设施为主导的城市建设方式,是产生上述问题的主要根源之一,我国城市规划体系急需一场根本性变革,以适应生态文明时代的新发展的和新要求。本研究基于生态安全格局构建,来引导和限定城市扩张与城市形态,从而实现对土地的精明保护与高效利用。生态安全格局构建的关键在于城市的发展建设规划必须以土地的生态过程和格局为依据和基础,优先进行不建设区域的控制,再根据社会经济发展需要进行建设用地规划和布局。这个不建设区域的核心就是生态基础设施,是城市发展中不可逾越的生态底线。生态基础设施由维护自然资产和生态系统服务的关键生态要素和格局构成,是支撑人类社会可持续发展的基础。基于生态安全格局的城市空间布局规划,在生态城市主义和生态学、景观生态学之间,在自然资产、生态系统服务的概念和可持续发展之间架起了一座桥梁,是是实现精明保护与精明增长的有效途径。它可为空间规划提供重要的科学依据,为主题功能区划中的禁止建设区域和限制建设区域划定提供重要参考。本文以榆林空港区为例,在生态安全格局构建的指导下,综合运用生态安全格局理论和GIS技术,通过对净空、采空区、生态斑块过程的模拟和分析,判别维护上述过程安全的关键性空间格局,构建综合生态安全格局,并以生态安全格局为刚性框架,模拟榆林空港区空间拓展格局。因为空港的特殊性,空港城市的生态安全是极为脆弱的部分,严重影响了城市的可持续发展,从生态安全评价的角度出发,进行空港城市的规划是实现可持续发展的重要保障,近些年来,很少有学者以生态安全的角度去研究空港城市的规划前景。生态安全评价,不仅是可持续发展于城市未来的保障,更加是可持续发展的现实意义的体现,因此,在城市建设中去系统、科学的构建空港城市的生态安全,就是从生态安全角度来体现规划战略的可持续性。根据城市规划的复杂系统原理,同时运用系统科学的方法对榆林空港建设在不影响可持续发展的前提下,对自然生态系统的影响进行评价,发表对当前城市规划的建议,这是预防榆林空港区生态系统向无序化发展和进行全局把控的重要手段之一。在绿洲保育、生态恢复、生态建设并重的前提下,以建设沙地生态产业体系、城市生态保护屏障的建设,城市人居环境的改善、航空安全的保障为目标,建立生态良好的文明发展格局,开展城市生态环境治理和建设,形成生产发展、生活富裕的整体文明格局。
[Abstract]:Chinese city facing the pressure of ecological protection and economic development, how to effectively coordinate the conflict between city development and ecological protection, rational development and reasonable protection, has become a serious challenge facing the academic and policy-making departments. Most of the city in recent years, China has experienced rapid urbanization and large-scale land cover by using change, which has brought serious damage to the structure and function of regional eco system, leads to the shortage of soil and water resources, decrease water regulation ability, habitat and biodiversity loss, ecological aesthetic, recreational service quality decline. The practice proves that the prediction of the traditional city planning theory based on population. And to the construction, transportation infrastructure is the dominant mode of city construction, is one of the main causes of the above problems, city planning system in China is urgently needed in a fundamental Change, to adapt to the new era of ecological civilization development and new requirements. This research is based on the construction of ecological security pattern, to guide and limit the expansion of the city and city form, so as to realize smart land conservation and utilization. The key is to construct the ecological security pattern of city development and construction planning based on ecological process and pattern of land as the basis and foundation, priority control construction area, according to the need of social and economic development of construction land planning and layout. The construction area is the core of ecological infrastructure, ecological city development is the bottom line. The impassable ecological infrastructure by key ecological factors to maintain the natural assets and ecosystem services and the pattern which is the foundation to support the sustainable development of human society. The city space layout planning based on the ecological security pattern, ecological urbanism and Ecology, landscape ecology, the natural assets, provides a bridge between sustainable development and the concept of ecosystem services, is the effective ways to achieve smart protection and smart growth. It can provide important scientific basis for spatial planning, provides an important reference for the theme of functional zoning in construction area and construction restrictions prohibited designated area. Taking Yulin airport area as an example, in the construction of ecological security pattern under the guidance of the integrated use of ecological security pattern theory and GIS technology, through the clearance, goaf, ecological patch process simulation and analysis of the spatial pattern of the identification of critical maintenance process safety, build a comprehensive ecological security pattern. And taking the ecological security pattern for the simulation of space rigid frame, Yulin airport zone development pattern. Because of the particularity of the airport, the airport city ecological security is extremely fragile, serious The influence of the sustainable development of the city, starting from the angle of ecological security evaluation, airport city planning is an important guarantee to realize the sustainable development in recent years, there are few scholars on the ecological security planning prospect perspective to study the airport city. Ecological security evaluation, sustainable development in the city is not only the future of security, more is reflected practical significance of sustainable development, therefore, to the system in city construction, ecological security construction of airport city of science, is to reflect the sustainable planning strategy from the perspective of ecological security. Based on the principle of complex system of city planning, and using the method of system science on the premise of Yulin airport construction without affecting the sustainable development under the and to evaluate the influence of natural ecological system, published in the current city planning proposal, which is to prevent the ecological system of Yulin airport area to disorder The development and the important means to control the global one. The ecological restoration in the oasis of conservation, ecological construction, and under the premise, in order to build sand ecological industry system, the construction of city ecological protection barrier, city living environment improvement, aviation security as the goal, to establish a good ecological development pattern, development of ecological city environmental management and construction, the formation of the development of production, affluent life civilization of the whole pattern.

【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X321

【参考文献】