北京地区常用秋色叶树种色彩量化与评价研究

发布时间：2018-02-22 11:29

本文关键词： 秋色叶树种色彩量化美景度评价色彩景观持续色彩美景度预测　出处：《北京林业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：色彩作为秋色叶树种的重要观赏特征,正在受到越来越多学者的关注,对植物色彩的量化研究也是近几年新兴的一个方向。本论文在分析总结传统植物色彩量化方法的基础中,尝试利用计算机编程对植物照片进行计算,探索一种新的植物色彩量化方法,并对不同色系秋色叶树种的变色规律进行分析总结。同时,利用美景度评判法对23种常见秋色叶树种不同变色时期的单株色彩“美景度”进行评价,结合色彩持续时间对其色彩景观的持续性进行分类。另外,在色彩量化的基础上,从色彩属性(色系、饱和度、明度)与典型色构成两个角度分别筛选出对秋色叶树种色彩美景度有显著影响的因子,并尝试构建色彩美景度预测模型,以期相对客观、准确地对秋色叶树种的秋色效果作出预测。研究得出的主要结论如下：1.调查结果显示,北京地区82种主要秋色叶植物的变色时期集中在10月中旬至11月中上旬,‘秋紫’白蜡、洋白蜡等植物9月中旬即可变色,大花卫矛、血皮槭等植物10月底才开始变色；另外,23种常见秋色叶树种的变色跟踪调查结果表明,多数植物的单株色彩持续时间为10-15天,山楂、玉兰等植物的持续时间不足10天,天目琼花、鸡爪槭等植物则长达20天。2.当变色完成时,不同色系的树种在色相构成上存在一定差异。其中,黄色系树种的秋叶色彩主要集中在橙黄色与黄色两个色相,褐(橙)色系树种主要位于橙红色至黄色三个色相,红色系树种则主要位于红色至橙黄色三个色相。在变色过程中,色彩的饱和度与亮度也发生了变化,高饱和度与高亮度的颜比颜色例均不断上升,且在变色完成时,植物色彩以高饱和度和中亮度的颜色为主。不同色系树种按饱和度与亮度由高到低的顺序均为黄色系树种、褐(橙)色系树种、红色系树种。3.不同色系秋色叶树种包含的典型色数量与类型不相同,按所含典型色数量由多到少的顺序依次为：红色系树种(33种)、褐(橙)色系(22种)、黄色系树种(18种)。其中,红色系树种的典型色分布在红色至黄绿色的色相中；褐(橙)色的典型色分布在橙红色至黄绿色的色相中；黄色系树种的典型色则分布在橙黄色至叶绿色的色相中。4.根据美景度评价结果与色彩持续时间等因素,23种常见秋色叶树种的色彩景观持续性可划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ三个等级。其中,Ⅰ级：单株与群体景观持续性良好,包括5个树种,适合孤植或在重点区域观赏；Ⅱ级：单株景观持续性一般,群体景观持续性较好,包括14个树种,适合群植观赏；Ⅲ级：景观持续性较差,包括4个树种,主要起丰富秋色景观的作用。5.相关分析与逐步回归分析结果表明,对不同色系秋色叶树种单株色彩美景度有显著影响的颜色因子不相同。就色彩属性而言,黄色色相及高亮度颜色所占比例对黄色系树种美景度贡献最大；橙红色及橙黄色色相颜色所占比例对褐(橙)色系树种美景度的影响最显著；红色及橙红色色相颜色所占比例对红色系树种的美景度影响最显著。就典型色构成而言,对黄色系树种美景度贡献最大的典型色主要位于黄色和橙黄色两个色相；对褐(橙)系树种美景度影响显著的典型色主要位于橙红色与橙黄色两个色相；对红色系树种美景度影响显著的典型色主要位于红色与橙红色两个色相。在此基础上分别构建了不同色系树种在不同变色阶段的最优回归方程。检验结果表明,得到回归方程可以用来作秋色叶树种的色彩美景度预测。
[Abstract]:Color is an important ornamental characteristics of autumn leaf trees, is attracting more and more attention of scholars, quantitative research on plant color is emerging in recent years in one direction. This thesis is based on the analysis and summary of the traditional plant color quantization method, try to use computer programming to calculate plant pictures, explore a new plant color quantization method, and the different colors of the color of autumn leaf trees were analyzed. At the same time, plant color "period by different color beauty estimation method of 23 kinds of autumn leaf trees beauty" to evaluate the duration of persistent combination of color to the color landscape classification. In addition, in the basis of color quantization, from color attributes (color, saturation, brightness) and typical color two aspects were screened have significant effects on the color beauty of autumn leaf trees Factor, and try to build the color beauty prediction model, in order to make a relatively objective, accurate prediction of autumn leaf trees in autumn. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. the survey results show that 82 kinds of autumn leaf plants in Beijing area during the period of color concentrated in mid October to 11 months early, 'autumn purple' wax ash and other plants in mid September, you can color, flower Euonymus, paperbark Maple plants such as the end of October began to change; in addition, color tracking survey of 23 kinds of autumn leaf trees. The results showed that the color of most plants per plant for the duration of 10-15 days duration, hawthorn, Magnolia plants less than 10 days, Tianmu Qionghua Acer palmatum plants is up to 20 days when.2. is complete, different colors of the tree there are some differences in hue composition. Among them, the autumn leaves yellow color species mainly concentrated in orange and yellow Two color hue, brown color (Orange) species are mainly located in the orange red to yellow three color, red trees are mainly located in the red to orange hue in three. In the process of color, color saturation and brightness changes, high brightness and high saturation colors than color were constantly rise, and in color complete, plant colors with high saturation and brightness in color. Different color saturation and brightness of species according to the order from high to low were yellow brown tree (Orange) color species, species of red.3. with different colors of autumn leaf trees contain the typical color and number the type is not the same, in accordance with the typical color number by the order as follows: red tree species (33 species), brown (Orange) color (22 species), yellow species (18 species). The species of red color distribution in typical red to yellow green hue; Brown (Orange) color code Color distribution in orange red to yellow green hue; typical color yellow species are distributed in the orange leaf to green hue in.4. according to the evaluation results and the beauty of color duration and other factors, 23 kinds of autumn leaf trees color landscape sustainability can be divided into I, II, III three grade. The first grade: individual and group sustainable landscape, including 5 species, suitable for ornamental plant alone or in key areas; II: plant landscape continuity, group landscape good continuity, including 14 species, suitable for group III: landscape ornamental plant; persistent poor, including 4 the main tree species, rich autumn landscape function.5. correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis results showed that the color factor has a significant influence on the different colors of autumn leaf trees per color beauty is not the same. The properties of color, yellow hue and high The brightness of color proportion of tree species to yellow highest SBE; orange red and orange hue color proportion of brown (Orange) color beauty the most significant effect of tree species; red and orange red color hue for influence of proportion of red beauty species is the most significant. The typical color composition the yellow tree beauty, the largest contribution to the typical color in yellow and orange yellow two color to brown (Orange); typical color effect degree of beauty was mainly located in the tree with orange red orange hue to two; the typical color effect of red line species beauty significant mainly in red and orange red two. Based on the hue were constructed with different colors in different color species regression equation optimal phase. Test results show that the obtained regression equation can be used for autumn Ye Shuzhong color beauty pre Test.

【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S687

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