进贤县罗溪镇土地整理项目生态风险研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 16:26

本文关键词： 土地整理项目生态风险物元分析模型罗溪镇　出处：《江西农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：土地整理能够有效增加耕地面积,改善农业生产条件,对于缓解人地关系矛盾,保障耕地占补平衡和粮食安全具有重要意义。然而,土地整理项目工程毕竟是对项目区生态系统进行剧烈改变,不可避免的会产生负面生态效应,即存在客观性的生态风险,如果不能够及时对生态风险进行识别并采取适当应对策略,可能会诱发严重的生态环境问题。所以,准确识别土地整理项目建设过程中的生态风险因子,采取科学方法评价其诱发生态风险的可能性和危害程度,能够为规避或减轻生态风险提供依据,提高土地整理项目的生态效益。本文在对土地整理项目生态风险评价理论研究的基础上,以进贤县罗溪镇的莲塘、章岗、南阳三个土地整理项目片区为研究区域,采用生态风险评价的一般方法,进行生态风险源分析、风险受体与生态终点分析、暴露—危害分析,完成土地整理项目生态风险形成机制研究。然后,结合研究区域的实际情况,从土壤环境、水文环境、生物环境、景观格局四个方面选取15个指标,构建生态风险评价指标体系。在此基础上,采用简单关联函数法较为客观、准确地计算指标权重;采用物元分析模型计算各指标与各风险等级的关联度,进而计算综合关联度,确定各土地整理项目片区的生态风险等级,并提出生态风险管理的建议,完成土地整理项目生态风险评价。土地整理项目生态风险形成机制是:以人类活动为主体的各项工程措施,包括土地平整工程、农田水利工程、田间道路工程和其他工程,可以看作生态风险源,通过干扰、演替、累积、切割等综合生态作用,对作为风险受体的土壤环境、水文环境、生物环境、景观格局等生态结构要素产生胁迫作用,使得生态系统的结构和功能受到损伤,表现为对生态系统的负面效应,即为生态风险。土地整理项目生态风险评价结果显示:莲塘片区生态风险综合关联度最大值为0.0899,隶属于低风险级别;章岗片区生态风险综合关联度最大值为0.0413,隶属于低风险级别;南阳片区生态风险综合关联度最大值为0.0645,隶属于中等风险级别,说明罗溪镇土地整理项目工程建设产生了一些生态风险,但是在可控范围之内。在此基础上,参考项目风险管理理论,结合项目片区的实际情况,采取积极的应对策略可以有效地规避或减轻生态风险。
[Abstract]:Land consolidation can effectively increase the area of cultivated land, improve the conditions of agricultural production, alleviate the contradiction between man and land, ensure the balance of farmland occupation and compensation and food security. However, After all, the land consolidation project is a drastic change to the ecosystem of the project area, which will inevitably produce negative ecological effects, that is, the existence of objective ecological risks. If ecological risk can not be identified in time and appropriate countermeasures are adopted, serious ecological environmental problems may be induced. Therefore, the ecological risk factors in the process of land consolidation project construction can be accurately identified. Adopting scientific methods to evaluate the possibility and degree of ecological risk can provide basis for avoiding or mitigating ecological risk. Based on the study of ecological risk assessment theory of land consolidation projects, this paper takes three land consolidation projects as the study area, including Liantang, Zhanggang and Nanyang in Luoxi Town, Jinxian County. By using the general method of ecological risk assessment, ecological risk source analysis, risk receptor analysis and ecological end point analysis, exposure hazard analysis, and the study of ecological risk formation mechanism of land consolidation project are carried out. Combined with the actual situation of the study area, 15 indexes were selected from four aspects of soil environment, hydrological environment, biological environment and landscape pattern to construct the ecological risk evaluation index system. Calculate the index weight accurately, calculate the correlation degree between each index and each risk grade by using matter-element analysis model, and then calculate the comprehensive correlation degree, determine the ecological risk grade of each land consolidation project area, and put forward the suggestion of ecological risk management. Ecological risk assessment of land consolidation projects. The ecological risk formation mechanism of land consolidation projects is as follows: various engineering measures with human activities as the main body, including land leveling projects, farmland and water conservancy projects, field road projects and other projects, It can be regarded as a source of ecological risk. Through comprehensive ecological effects such as disturbance, succession, accumulation, cutting and so on, it exerts stress on the ecological structural factors such as soil environment, hydrological environment, biological environment, landscape pattern and so on. Causing damage to the structure and function of the ecosystem, in the form of negative effects on the ecosystem, The result of ecological risk evaluation of land consolidation project shows that the maximum value of ecological risk is 0.0899, which belongs to the low risk level; The maximum value of comprehensive correlation degree of ecological risk in Zhanggang area is 0.0413, which belongs to the low risk level, and the maximum value of comprehensive correlation degree of ecological risk in Nanyang region is 0.0645, which belongs to the middle risk level. It shows that the construction of land consolidation project in Luoxi Town has produced some ecological risks, but within the scope of control. On this basis, referring to the theory of project risk management and combining with the actual situation of the project area, Active coping strategies can effectively avoid or mitigate ecological risks.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301.2

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