泰安地区6种宿根花卉抗寒生理特性研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 07:19

  本文选题：宿根花卉　切入点：抗寒性　出处：《山东农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：露地宿根花卉依靠宿存的根系越冬,生长强健,适应性较强,使用经济方便,一次种植可多年观赏,观赏期不一,可周年选用,是街道、工矿区、土壤贫瘠地美化的优良花卉。随着城市绿化建设的日新月异,宿根花卉越来越被园林工作者广泛应用,由于宿根花卉能够美化净化环境,增强人们的生活情趣,对提高城市的绿化景观和环境质量大有益处,是园林中应用很广泛的一类花卉。本文以泰安地区引种栽培的宿根福禄考(Phlox paniculata L.),八宝景天(Hylotelephium erythrostictum(Miq.)H.Ohba),黄菖蒲(Iris Pseudocorus L.),荷兰菊(Aster.novi-belgii),穗花婆婆纳(Veronica spicata L.),火炬花(Kniphofia uvaria)6种重要宿根花卉试验材料,观察记录其物候学特性,测定电导率并拟合logistic方程求低温半致死温度(LT50),研究低温胁迫对可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、游离脯氨酸含量、POD活性等生理生化指标的影响,同时运用隶属函数法对6个花卉品种的抗寒性进行综合评价,主要研究结论如下:1.宿根福禄考、穗花婆婆纳、火炬花萌芽期较早,一般为4月上旬,荷兰菊萌芽较晚,一般为4月下旬;黄菖蒲开花最早,为5月上旬,宿根福禄考、穗花婆婆纳、火炬花一般在6月上旬开花,荷兰菊开花最晚,为9月上旬;火炬花花期较长,黄菖蒲、荷兰据花期较短;黄菖蒲枯萎较早,火炬花枯萎较晚。2.随着低温胁迫的不断加剧,该6种宿根花卉的电导率呈现有规律的变化趋势,为“S”型曲线。测定电导率并拟合logistic方程求LT50,计算出宿根福禄考、八宝景天、黄菖蒲、荷兰菊、穗花婆婆纳、火炬花的低温半致死温度分别为-30.38℃、-29.88℃、-28.11℃、-29.43℃、-24.73℃、-24.51℃。从低温半致死温度高低来看,6种宿根花卉的抗寒性强弱顺序为:宿根福禄考八宝景天荷兰菊黄菖蒲穗花婆婆纳火炬花。3.本研究发现,POD活性、游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量与6种宿根花卉的抗寒性呈一定的正相关性,电导率与6种宿根花卉的抗寒性呈一定的负相关性;鉴于宿根花卉生理状况受到外界环境因素和自身因素方面的影响,变化十分复杂,所以各种生理指标应该综合考虑才能更为准确的评价植物抗寒能力的高低。4.方差分析结果显示,6种宿根花卉之间的POD酶活性、游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、电导率差异显著;在不同低温条件下的POD酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量、游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、电导率之间差异显著;5.利用隶属函数法综合分析各生理指标,得出6种宿根花卉的抗寒性强弱顺序为:宿根福禄考八宝景天荷兰菊黄菖蒲穗花婆婆纳火炬花,与LT50判断的结果基本一致。
[Abstract]:The root flowers of the open field live through the winter on the root system, which has strong growth, strong adaptability and convenient use. It can be seen for many years at a time, with different viewing periods, and it can be chosen annually. It is a street, an industrial and mining area. With the rapid development of urban greening, the root flower is more and more widely used by garden workers, because it can beautify and purify the environment and enhance people's interest in life. To improve the city's green landscape and environmental quality, Phlox paniculata L., Hylotelephium erythrosticum Miq.H. Ohbaa, Iris Pseudocorus L., Aster.novi-belgii, Veronica spicata spicata L., and Kniphofia uvaria)6 were introduced and cultivated in Tai'an area. The phenological characteristics were observed and recorded, the electrical conductivity was measured and the logistic equation was fitted to calculate the low temperature half-lethal temperature (LT50), and the effects of low temperature stress on the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, free proline, and other physiological and biochemical indexes were studied, such as the content of soluble sugar, the content of soluble protein and the activity of free proline. At the same time, the cold resistance of 6 flower varieties was evaluated by membership function method. The main conclusions were as follows: 1. Generally on late April; the earliest flower of Acorus calamus was early May, the root of Furoc, the panicle of mother-in-law, the flower of Torchia generally bloomed in early June, the latest flower of the Dutch chrysanthemum was early June, and the floral period of the torch was longer, Acorus calamus. In the Netherlands, the flowering period is shorter, the wilting time of Acorus calamus is earlier, and the wilting time is late. 2. With the increasing of low temperature stress, the electrical conductivity of the 6 species of perennial flowers shows a regular change trend. For the "S" curve, the conductivity was measured and the logistic equation was fitted to calculate LT50. The semi-lethal temperature at low temperature is -30.38 鈩，

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