生态马克思主义欧洲发展景观研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 16:22

本文选题：欧洲生态马克思主义　切入点：批判与反思　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：第二次世界大战结束后，，欧洲资本主义社会进入经济与科技的飞速发展时期，二十世纪后半期，世界性的生态危机开始逐渐显现出来。此种情况下，西方学术界开始从马克思主义经典著作中寻找解决问题之道。生态马克思主义就在一方面反对技术、经济过快发展，利润的片面追求，以及另一方面吸取生态中心主义和绿色环保活动的相关经验中发展壮大起来。欧洲的生态马克思主义发展景观，源于法兰克福学派某些批判理念的框架内容与研究方式，同时很大程度上借鉴了马克思主义中关于“生态”的论述部分，融合了欧洲生态学、社会学等学科的理论研究成果。它形成于二十世纪七十年代，在八九十年代得以发展和充实，顺应着时代的发展潮流。本文从欧洲生态马克思主义发展的渊源作为切入点，先从其两大理论根基，马克思主义与法兰克福学派相关批判学说着手，分析欧洲生态马克思主义发展的滥觞；在第二部分展开对欧洲生态马克思主义基本理论的阐述以及重点介绍了两位代表人物，法国生态马克思主义者安德烈·高兹的“政治生态学”以及英国著名空间地理学家大卫·哈维对后现代主义的批判；在第三部分总结理论界对欧洲生态马克思主义归纳的积极意义与其针对西方资本主义社会的相关局限性，最后，从这些现实考察中总结出针对当代欧洲资本主义现状、解决生态危机、消费异化等社会问题的方法途径。笔者认为，要真正解决欧洲资本主义生态危机，重构合理的生态文明发展模式，一种方式是从根本上确立起社会主义的社会制度，生态社会主义的发展构架或可为欧洲资本主义国家带来新的发展契机，另一种方式是促成人与自然之间的和解，使人类和自然界能够和谐统一。无论哪种方式，都需要生态马克思主义者们在欧洲资本主义社会环境中大声疾呼解决生态危机的紧迫性，对生产资料私有制进行反思与批判，促进人们价值观的重塑。
[Abstract]:After the end of the second World War, European capitalist society entered a period of rapid economic and technological development. In the second half of the twentieth century, the world ecological crisis began to emerge. The western academic circles began to look for solutions to the problems from the classical works of Marxism. On the one hand, ecological Marxism opposes the one-sided pursuit of technology, rapid economic development, and profit. On the other hand, draw on the experience of ecocentrism and green environmental activities to develop and grow. The development landscape of ecological Marxism in Europe originates from the frame contents and research methods of some critical ideas of Frankfurt School, and at the same time, to a large extent, it draws lessons from the exposition of "ecology" in Marxism. It was formed in the 1970s, developed and enriched in the 1980s and 1990s, conforming to the trend of development of the times. From the origin of the development of European ecological Marxism as a starting point, first from its two theoretical foundations, Marxism and Frankfurt school of relevant critical theory, analysis of the origin of the development of European ecological Marxism; In the second part, the author expounds the basic theory of European ecological Marxism and introduces two representative figures. "political Ecology" by Andre Goz, a French ecological Marxist, and David Harvey, a famous British spatial geographer, criticizing postmodernism; In the third part, we summarize the positive significance of European ecological Marxism induction and its limitations in view of western capitalist society. Finally, we summarize the current situation of contemporary European capitalism from these realistic investigations. How to solve the social problems such as ecological crisis, consumption alienation and so on. In my opinion, one way to truly solve the ecological crisis of capitalism in Europe and to reconstruct a reasonable mode of ecological civilization development is to fundamentally establish a socialist social system. The development framework of ecological socialism may bring new development opportunities to the capitalist countries of Europe. Another way is to promote reconciliation between man and nature, so that human beings and nature can be United in harmony. It is necessary for the ecological Marxists to speak out in the European capitalist social environment for the urgency of solving the ecological crisis, to reflect and criticize the private ownership of the means of production, and to promote the reconstruction of people's values.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：A811;X2

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