乡愁视角下闽中村庄“记忆场所”特征研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 13:20

本文选题：乡愁 + 记忆场所　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会的发展进步,城市及乡村面貌日新月异,各类空间在大兴土木中发生较大改变,如公园景观重构、街道建筑重建、河流现代化用途增加。城市及乡村的空间景观均质化严重,空间的原有功能、承载的情感及本来的意义消失了。然而有一大部分人群不愿接受所承载乡愁的地方发生破坏性的变化,对美好记忆的珍视使得人们无法忘却曾经投入过大量情感与精力并和自己的生活联系紧密的地方,旧物于他们而言更可靠、更直观、更感性,因为其存在真实地留住了曾经的记忆和情感。人们面对承载乡愁的地方物质面貌的破坏,特别是儿时的承载乡愁的地方,接受程度很低,因美好记忆失去空间支撑表现出惆怅失落的情绪。如果对这些场所的改造,在保持原有功能的前提下,改善场所的面貌,提高场所的舒适度,这种方式是受到人们欢迎的。在大建设浪潮中,暴露的问题,已经受到了一定的重视。介于此,十八大以后,党中央在2013年中央一号文件中就明确提出了“美丽乡村”的建设,要求对于过去一段时间经济社会发展模式的反思和总结。将环境友好型发展和“以人为本”的思路引入传统的新农村建设。并要求在城镇化进程中更加重视传统文化的传承,重视人文关怀,保留市民的记忆。这样的新要求值得城乡规划设计者和景观设计师们思考,怎样在保证发展的同时又能保持地方魅力,让人们的乡愁感不下降甚至增强,进而使其服务更人性化、独特化,并在同类地方中脱颖而出是他们必须正视的问题。本文对十个村庄进行了详细调研,采用了问卷调查、半结构式深度访谈、隐喻提取技术、绘制共识地图、便利性抽样、滚雪球抽样和数理统计等方法,对物质场所环境与乡愁情感的关联性,承载乡愁情感的记忆场所,记忆场所的形成因素,记忆场所的特征和延续乡愁情感的“记忆基因”,这几部分内容进行深入挖掘。得出了以下结论:(1)物质场所环境与乡愁情感具有很强的关联性,一个地方进行空间要素的形式改建、位置移动,色彩变换会导致空间感知基点的变化,进而引发乡愁情感的减弱或中断。(2)承载乡愁的场所可以分为以下五类生活轴线旁的小场所、历史纪念物主导的场所、具备特殊趣味性的场所、基本生活必须的公共场所和村庄自然环境特色场所。(3)承载乡愁的场所特征包括了:空间环境特征、功能特征、情感特征三个方面(4)五类场所都存在不同的记忆要素(5)最后,针对大面积改造的村庄和渐进式改造的传统村庄,提出了两种承载乡愁记忆场所的保护与发展策略。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the appearance of city and country is changing with each passing day. All kinds of space have changed greatly in the great construction, such as the reconstruction of park landscape, the reconstruction of street architecture, and the increase of the use of river modernization.The urban and rural landscape homogenization is serious, the original function of space, bearing emotion and original meaning disappeared.However, there is a large proportion of people who are unwilling to accept the destructive changes that take place in the place of homesickness, and the treasuring of good memories keeps people from forgetting places where they have invested a great deal of emotion and energy and are closely connected with their lives.Old things are more reliable, more intuitive, more emotional, because their existence truly retains their memories and emotions.People are faced with the destruction of the local material outlook, especially in the place of carrying homesickness in childhood, which is very low in acceptance, and the loss of space support for good memory shows melancholy and loss of emotion.If the transformation of these places, under the premise of maintaining the original function, improve the appearance of the place, improve the comfort of the place, this way is welcomed by people.In the tide of great construction, exposed problems have been paid attention to.In view of this, after the 18th National Congress of the CPC Central Committee, the CPC Central Committee clearly proposed the construction of "beautiful countryside" in the first document of the CPC Central Committee in 2013, which called for the reflection and summary of the pattern of economic and social development in the past period of time.Environmental friendly development and "people-oriented" thinking into the traditional new rural construction.In the process of urbanization, we should pay more attention to the inheritance of traditional culture, humanistic care, and retain the memory of citizens.Such new requirements are worthy of consideration by urban and rural planners and landscape designers, how to ensure development while maintaining local charm, so that people's sense of homesickness will not decline or even increase, thereby making their services more humanized and unique.And in the same kind of place stand out is they must face up to the problem.In this paper, ten villages were investigated in detail, including questionnaire survey, semi-structured in-depth interview, metaphor extraction, consensus mapping, convenience sampling, snowball sampling and mathematical statistics.The relationship between material environment and nostalgia emotion, the memory place bearing nostalgia emotion, the forming factors of memory place, the characteristics of memory place and the "memory gene" of continuing nostalgia emotion are deeply explored.The following conclusions are drawn: (1) physical environment has a strong correlation with homesickness. A place can change the basic point of spatial perception by changing the form of space elements, moving the position and changing the color.The places that carry homesickness can be divided into the following five kinds of small places beside the axis of life, places dominated by historical monuments, places with special interest,The essential public places and the village natural environment characteristic place.) the place characteristic of carrying homesickness includes: space environment characteristic, function characteristic, emotion characteristic etc. (4) five kinds of places all have different memory elements (5) finally,In this paper, two strategies for protecting and developing homesickness memory sites are put forward for villages with large area and traditional villages with progressive transformation.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU982.29

【共引文献】