上海城市森林游憩适宜性评价及其演变

发布时间：2018-04-21 06:46

本文选题：城市森林 + 森林游憩　；参考：《华东师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在社会公众户外游憩需求规模日益扩大的背景下,城市森林游憩功能的重要意义愈加凸显。森林游憩是国民休闲旅游的重要组成部分,城市森林游憩功能开发是城市生态建设的重要内容。城市森林游憩功能提升和管理决策的关键是评价与诊断不同时空尺度的城市森林游憩适宜性。本研究以上海城市森林为研究对象,共选择林地64片,通过构建城市林游憩适宜性评价指标体系,在解析2000、2006和2012年上海城市森林景观动态变化的基础上,探究了城市森林游憩适宜性的动态变化及其演变规律。主要结论如下:(1)上海城市森林各景观类型动态变化总体特征为:各年份景观类型中面积最大的均为植被。景观类型的变化趋势中,各类景观类型的变化趋势中,植被的变化随着年份的增加呈增加趋势;水体、道路的变化,从2000到2006年均增加,从2006到2012年均减少,此二种类型2000到2012年总的变化趋势是减少;住宅建筑2000至2006年减少,2006至2012年增加,2000至2012年总变化减少;管理服务设施的变化从2000到2006均增加,从2006到2012均减少,但2000到2012年的总变化趋势是增加;景观设施、游憩场地和农田随年份呈增加趋势。景观动态变化速率为,增长速率最快为景观设施,其次是植被;减少速率最快为游憩场地和农田。(2)构建了由游憩资源、游憩服务设施和游憩区位三个方面,由景观类型多样性、植被覆盖率、水体比例、游憩场地比例、管理服务设施比例、景观游憩设施比例、到主要道路距离、到居民点距离、到周边游憩景点距离十个指标组成的城市森林游憩适宜性评价体系。并依据得分将游憩适宜性划分为四个等级,由高至低分别为:最适宜、中度适宜、勉强适宜和不适宜。(3)2000年至2012年间,64片城市森林的游憩适宜性发生显著变化。2000年多数城市森林为勉强适宜和中度适宜,分别为36和20个,面积占比为51.93%和34.76%。2006年,城市森林游憩适宜性显著提高,主要集中在最适宜、中度适宜和勉强适宜3个等级,分别为19、29和14个,面积占比为34.84%、45.84%和19.16%。2012年,最适宜城市森林个数增加至33个,但面积占比小幅下降,为30.38%;同时,中度适宜个数为增加至24个,面积占比增至 53.95%。(4)比较64片城市森林中4种不同类型森林(森林公园、生态片林、外环公园、外环片林)发现:2000年至2012年,除生态片林均维持在中度适宜等级之外,其他三类森林均呈逐渐增加趋势,其中,森林公园平均适宜性等级逐渐增加,由勉强适宜等级增至最适宜等级,外环公园由中度适宜等级增至最适宜等级,外环片林由不适宜增加至最适宜等级。
[Abstract]:Under the background of the increasing scale of public outdoor recreation demand, the significance of urban forest recreation function is becoming more and more prominent. Forest recreation is an important part of national leisure tourism, and the development of urban forest recreation function is an important part of urban ecological construction. The key to the promotion of urban forest recreation function and the decision of management is to evaluate and diagnose the suitability of urban forest recreation with different spatial and temporal scales. Taking Shanghai urban forest as the research object, 64 pieces of woodland were selected in this study. Based on the analysis of the dynamic changes of urban forest landscape in 20002006 and 2012, the evaluation index system of urban forest recreation suitability was constructed. The dynamic change and evolution law of urban forest recreation suitability were studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the general characteristics of the dynamic changes of the landscape types of urban forests in Shanghai are as follows: vegetation is the largest landscape type in each year. In the changing trend of landscape type, in the change trend of all kinds of landscape type, the change of vegetation is increasing with the increase of year, the change of water body and road increases annually from 2000 to 2006, and decreases from 2006 to 2012. The overall trend of change between 2000 and 2012 for these two types is decreasing; residential buildings decreased from 2000 to 2006 and increased from 2006 to 2012; and changes in management services increased from 2000 to 2006 and decreased from 2006 to 2012, respectively. However, the total change trend from 2000 to 2012 was increased, and landscape facilities, recreation sites and farmland showed an increasing trend with the year. The dynamic change rate of landscape is: the fastest growth rate is landscape facilities, followed by vegetation, and the fastest reduction rate is recreation site and farmland. (2) the diversity of landscape types is based on recreation resources, recreation service facilities and recreation location. Vegetation coverage, water body ratio, recreation site ratio, management service facility ratio, landscape recreation facility ratio, distance to main road, distance to residential area, The evaluation system of urban forest recreation suitability is composed of ten indexes. According to the score, the recreation suitability was divided into four grades, from high to low, which were the most appropriate, the moderate suitability. Between 2000 and 2012, the recreational suitability of 64 urban forests changed significantly. In 2000, most urban forests were barely and moderately suitable, 36 and 20, respectively, with an area of 51.93% and 34.76.2006, respectively. The suitability of urban forest recreation was significantly improved, mainly concentrated in the most suitable, moderate and barely suitable three grades (1929 and 14, respectively). The proportion of area to area was 34.8445.84% and 19.16.2012, and the number of the most suitable urban forest increased to 33. But the proportion of area decreased slightly to 30.38. At the same time, the number of moderately suitable forests increased to 24, and the proportion of area increased to 53.95.Qu4.) four different types of forests (forest park, ecological forest, outer ring park) were compared among 64 urban forests. From 2000 to 2012, all the other three types of forests showed an increasing trend except that the ecological forest was maintained in the moderate suitability grade, and the average suitability grade of the forest park increased gradually, and the average suitability of the forest park increased gradually from 2000 to 2012. From the barely appropriate grade to the most suitable grade, the outer ring park increased from the moderate to the most suitable level, and the outer ring forest increased from the unsuitable to the most suitable grade.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S788.2

【相似文献】