潍坊胜伟盐碱地生产性景观规划研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 17:40

本文选题：滨海盐碱地 + 土地改良　；参考：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：土地是所有农业生产的基础,滨海盐碱地作为土地资源的一种特有形式,其开发利用涉及到方方面面。在滨海地区,由于气候、地理及人类活动的影响,土壤通常因为含盐量高而致使大多数植物的生长受到不同程度的抑制,甚至死亡,进而造成了土地利用率低、生态环境的恶化,地面景观极度萧条。我国在盐碱地改良治理方面已经具有了丰富的经验,但在景观设计层面上的研究相对薄弱,这就需要借鉴当前国际上较为先进的生产性景观的设计理念与手法。生产性景观通常是在因地制宜的基础上建立起来的,能够更好适应当地的环境,并能有效促进区域生态环境改善和生物多样性的发展。在我国人多地少,耕地资源尤为短缺的情况下,如何通过生产性景观的引入来有效改良盐渍土地,提高土地利用效率,提升景观效果,成为我们研究的课题。文章以盐碱地改良利用和生产性景观为研究对象,以潍坊市胜伟盐碱地改造示范园为案例进行归划研究,将上述理论进行实践。从扩大生产和提高审美的角度出发,通过盐渍土改良、水系营建等技术措施来对场地进行基础整理;贯彻中国传统园林中“相地合宜,因地制宜”原理,顺应潍坊滨海盐碱地的自然资源现状,结合农业生产和观光需求来进行田园景观的营造。根据耐盐碱性能和农业价值以及生态修复功能来选择生产要素,合理布局农、林、牧、渔等产业结构,引入现代化设施农业,保证园区全面发展。园区划分为八个功能区:耐盐碱水稻种植区-农田景观、碱蓬种植区-菜畦景观、智能温室区-现代设施景观、日光温室蔬果生产区、耐盐碱植物园区-植物景观、咸水养殖区-渔业景观、耐盐牧草种植区-草牧景观(设立循环农业)、露天果品采摘园-果园景观。此外,设立水稻种植体验中心和土地租赁种植中心,为大众提供即时性和永久性的劳动生产体验需求。每个模块既是生产中心又是景观平台,在此基础上形成区域生态系统的平衡和生物多样性的恢复发展,最终促进盐碱地生产和景观的良性发展与有机结合。
[Abstract]:Land is the basis of all agricultural production. As a special form of land resources, the exploitation and utilization of coastal saline land involves many aspects. In coastal areas, because of the influence of climate, geography and human activities, the soil is usually high in salt content, which causes the growth of most plants to be restrained or even died in varying degrees, resulting in low land use efficiency. The deterioration of the ecological environment, the ground landscape is extremely depressed. Our country has already had rich experience in saline-alkali land improvement and management, but the research on landscape design is relatively weak, which needs to draw lessons from the design ideas and techniques of the more advanced productive landscape in the world at present. Productive landscape is usually built on the basis of local conditions, which can better adapt to the local environment, and can effectively promote the improvement of regional ecological environment and the development of biodiversity. Under the situation that there are many people and less land in our country and the cultivated land resources are especially short, how to improve the salinized land effectively through the introduction of productive landscape, improve the efficiency of land use and enhance the effect of landscape has become the subject of our research. This paper takes the saline-alkali land improvement and utilization and productive landscape as the research object, takes the Weifang Shengwei saline-alkali land reconstruction demonstration garden as the case study, carries on the above theory to carry on the practice. From the point of view of expanding production and improving aesthetics, through technical measures such as salinized soil improvement, water system construction, etc., to carry out the basic arrangement of the site, and to carry out the principle of "suitable place for each other, according to local conditions" in Chinese traditional gardens. In accordance with the current situation of natural resources of coastal saline-alkali land in Weifang, combining agricultural production and sightseeing demand, the construction of pastoral landscape is carried out. According to saline-alkali resistance, agricultural value and ecological restoration function, the factors of production should be selected, the industrial structure of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery should be rationally distributed, and modern facility agriculture should be introduced to ensure the overall development of the park. The park is divided into eight functional areas: saline-tolerant rice planting area-farmland landscape, Suaeda salsa planting area-vegetable plot landscape, intelligent greenhouse area-modern facility landscape, fruit and vegetable production area in solar greenhouse, saline-alkali tolerant botanical garden area-plant landscape, Salt water culture area-fishery landscape, salt tolerant forage planting area-grass grazing landscape (setting up circular agriculture, open-pit fruit picking garden-orchard landscape. In addition, the establishment of rice cultivation experience center and land rental center to provide immediate and permanent labor experience for the public. Each module is not only the production center but also the landscape platform, on the basis of which the balance of regional ecosystem and the restoration and development of biodiversity are formed, and finally the benign development and organic combination of saline-alkali land production and landscape are promoted.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.18

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