潮河流域植被动态变化及水资源效应研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 04:11

本文选题：潮河流域 + 植被变化　；参考：《北京林业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：水是支撑全球社会经济可持续发展不可替代的资源。在特定流域内,由于流域广泛存在的异质性和流域内人类活动与气候变异因素的相互叠加与耦合,流域植被的不同经营管理措施对流域水资源的影响呈现多样化的特点。本研究以潮河流域为研究对象,根据流域内的MODIS数据、水文气象数据以及植被分布资料,运用ENVI、ArcGIS软件,对流域内植被动态变化及其对气候因子的响应进行分析；运用多种方法估算了流域的实际蒸散发,探讨了潮河流域从2001年到2012年的产水量状况,并结合Fragstats和Matlab等软件,探讨了流域内景观格局变化对潮河流域径流量的影响。本研究的结论包括：(1)LAI和GPP对降雨量因子相关性显著,对温度因子在年尺度上相关性不显著。降水因子对植被的动态变化对大于温度因子对其的影响。(2)潮河流域的降雨量在空间分布上呈现南多北少的格局；年内分布上,七月份降雨量最大,1月份最少。年均温度以0.215℃/10a的速度升高,潮河的径流量明显减少,呈现以28年为周期的丰枯转换。(3)根据MODIS数据、Zhang L.公式以及水分利用效率(WUE)和总初级生产力(GPP)的关系,估算了流域实际蒸散发的空间分布,其中,Zhang L.公式计算的精度最好;MODIS计算的其次,利用WUE和GPP计算的精度最低。(4)2001-2012年潮河流域的P-ET(产流量)呈现出显著减少的趋势,年际差异很大,多不同植被类型多年平均P-ET值大小为：耕地草地灌木林地林地,潮河的水量补给主要发生在潮河的上游和下游的中部地区。(5)潮河径流量随着景观形状指数的增大而减小,在平均斑块周长为1050m、流域斑块数量为110000以及Shannon's多样性指数为1,33左右时,斑块的综合截留能力最强,流域产流能力最弱。
[Abstract]:Water is an irreplaceable resource to support the sustainable development of the global social economy. In a particular basin, due to the heterogeneity of the basin and the superposition and coupling of human activities and climatic variation factors in the basin, the different management measures of the watershed vegetation have diversified characteristics on the water resources of the basin. The river area is the research object. According to the MODIS data, hydrometeorological data and vegetation distribution data in the basin, the dynamic changes of vegetation and the response to climate factors in the basin are analyzed with ENVI and ArcGIS software, and the actual evapotranspiration of the river basin is estimated by using a variety of methods, and the water production from 2001 to 2012 in the river basin is discussed. The effects of landscape pattern changes on the runoff in the tidal river basin are discussed with the software of Fragstats and Matlab. The conclusions of this study include: (1) the correlation between LAI and GPP is significant and the correlation of temperature factors on the annual scale is not significant. The dynamic changes of Precipitation Factors to vegetation are greater than the temperature factors. (2) the spatial distribution of rainfall in the tidal river basin shows the pattern of South and North in the spatial distribution; in the annual distribution, the rainfall is the largest in July and the least in January. The annual average temperature rises at 0.215 /10a, the flow rate of the tidal river decreases obviously, and presents a 28 year cycle. (3) according to the MODIS data, the Zhang L. formula and The relationship between water use efficiency (WUE) and total primary productivity (GPP) is used to estimate the spatial distribution of the actual evapotranspiration in the basin. Among them, the precision of Zhang L. formula is the best, and the next of MODIS calculation is the lowest precision calculated by WUE and GPP. (4) the P-ET (production flow) of the tidal river basin in 2001-2012 years shows a significant decreasing trend, and the interannual difference is very good. The annual average P-ET value of different vegetation types is: cultivated land and shrubs and shrubs and forestland. The water supply of the tidal river mainly occurs in the upper and lower reaches of the tidal river. (5) the flow rate of the tidal river decreases with the increase of the landscape shape index, and the average patch circumference is 1050m, the patch number of the river basin is 110000 and the Shannon's is more than that of the river. When the sampling index is about 1,33, the comprehensive interception ability of the patch is the strongest, and the runoff generation capacity of the watershed is the weakest.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：Q948.8

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